核酸检测与酶免检测平行筛查血液在基层血站的应用有效性研究  

Study on the Effectiveness of Parallel Screening of Blood by Nucleic Acid Detection and Enzyme-Free Detection in Grassroots Blood Stations

作　　者：曲执 QU Zhi(Huludao Central Blood Station,Huludao 125000,China)

机构地区：[1]葫芦岛市中心血站,辽宁葫芦岛125000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2021年第28期113-114,共2页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究在基层血站中应用核酸检测与酶免检测平行筛查血液的临床效果。方法选取我站于2019年4月至2020年5月进行无偿献血者100例,其中有98人接受此次的血液检测,所有无偿献血者的血液样本均给予核酸检测与酶免检测平行筛查,对比两种检测方式实中呈阳性的概率,在酶免检测后对于呈阴性的样本,均进行核酸检测,观察在乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、艾滋病毒(HIV)中检测不合格的情况。结果通过试验可知,经过酶免检测后,筛查出HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV-1/2无反应性与仅有1种试剂发生反应现象的样本总计88例,经过核酸检测后有阳性反应的样本有7例,阳性概率为7.95%。通过酶免检测后,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)检测不合格有3例,丙肝病毒(HCV)检测不合格有3例,艾滋病毒(HIV)检测不合格有2例;接受核酸检测,不合格的样本有7例,概率为7.14%。结论在基层血站中,对血液检测进行核酸检测与酶免检测平行筛查,有利于两种检测方式进行相互补充,减少输血过程中的疾病传播,有效预防并控制了血液疾病的传染,保障了输血治疗的安全性、有效性。Objective To investigate the clinical effect of parallel screening of blood by nucleic acid detection and enzyme-free detection in grassroots blood stations.Methods Selected to our station from April 2019 to May 2020 for unpaid donors during 100 cases,of which 98 people accept the blood test,all unpaid donors of blood samples for nucleic acid detection and enzyme parallel screening,compared to two kinds of real positive probability of detection way,after the elisa detection for negative samples,both for nucleic acid detection,observed in the hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV),the AIDS virus(HIV)in detecting unqualified.Results According to the experiment,after the enzyme-free test,a total of 88 samples with HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV-1/2 and only one reagent reaction were screened,and 7 samples with positive reaction after nucleic acid test,with a positive probability of 7.95%.After passing the enzyme-free test,there were 3 cases of unqualified hepatitis b virus(HBV)test,3 cases of unqualified hepatitis c virus(HCV)test,2 cases of unqualified HIV test,7 cases of unqualified samples received nucleic acid test,with a probability of 7.14%.Conclusion Blood stations at the grassroots level,evaluate the nucleic acid in the blood test and elisa detection parallel screening,to complement each other in the form of two kinds of detection to reduce blood transfusion in the process of the spread of disease,effective prevention and control of the blood disease transmission,guarantee the security,the effectiveness of blood transfusion treatment,is worth popularization and application widely.

关 键 词：基层血站 血液 核酸检测 酶免检测 平行筛查 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]