中国3个地区儿童家长对国家免疫规划类疫苗犹豫现状研究  

Hesitancy of parents towards vaccines in national immunization program in three regions in China:a cross-sectional study

作　　者：赵天朔 刘翰谕 郑徽 韩冰峰 刘贝 刘姜 赵春艳[4] 李晓静 杨树博 杜娟 黄宁华[2,3] 卢庆彬[2,3] 刘雅琼[2,3] 崔富强[2,3] Zhao Tianshuo;Liu Hanyu;Zheng Hui;Han Bingfeng;Liu Bei;Liu Jiang;Zhao Chunyan;Li Xiaojing;Yang Shubo;Du Juan;Huang Ninghua;Lu Qingbin;Liu Yaqiong;Cui Fuqiang(Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Vaccine Research Center,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Tongzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China;Jinjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610021,China;Jingyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingyuan 730699,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院卫生检验学系,100191 [3]北京大学公共卫生学院疫苗研究评价中心,100191 [4]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,101100 [5]成都市锦江区疾病预防控制中心,610021 [6]靖远县疾病预防控制中心,730699

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2021年第9期1615-1620,共6页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：北京大学医学部引进人才计划启动建设项目(BMU20170607)。

摘　　要：目的了解我国儿童家长对国家免疫规划类疫苗犹豫发生率和影响因素,并探索不同种类疫苗的犹豫现状。方法在北京市通州区、四川省成都市及甘肃省白银市进行横断面调查,采用成比例概率抽样和便利抽样的方法选取符合标准的研究对象进行问卷调查。结果共纳入研究对象3592人,38.22%的家长完全接受所有疫苗,59.35%的家长给儿童接种了所有疫苗但表示有轻微的担忧,2.42%的儿童家长对国家免疫规划类疫苗有疫苗犹豫行为。其中家长产生疫苗犹豫最多的是脊髓灰质炎疫苗(0.89%),其次为百白破疫苗(0.70%)和甲肝疫苗(0.64%)。疫苗犹豫产生的主要原因是对疫苗的风险效益判断(31.03%),其次为家长的认知情况较低(21.84%),第三为交通/时间因素带来的不便(21.84%)。结论我国儿童家长对国家免疫规划类疫苗犹豫行为的发生率较低,但半数以上家长对疫苗持担忧态度。进一步改进我国免疫规划体系的服务质量,加强疫苗相关知识宣教,对减少疫苗犹豫是至关重要的。Objective To investigate the incidence and determinants of vaccine hesitancy towards national immunization program in China and understand the current status of parents'hesitancy to different vaccines used in national immunization program.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing,Sichuan and Gansu.The methods of proportional probability sampling and convenience sampling were used to select the eligible study subjects for questionnaire surveys.Results A total of 3592 parents were enrolled in the study,in whom 38.22%fully accepted all the vaccines,59.35%agreed to let their children to receive all the vaccines but showed slight concern,and 2.42%had hesitancy to the vaccines.The vaccine with the most hesitancy was polio vaccine(0.89%),followed by diphtheria pertussis tetanus vaccine(0.70%)and hepatitis A vaccine(0.64%).The dominant reason for vaccine hesitancy was the risk-benefit perception of vaccination(31.03%),followed by the low awareness of the parents(21.84%)and the inconvenience caused by distance and time(21.84%).Conclusions The incidence of vaccine hesitancy towards national immunization program was low in parents in China,but over 50%of the parents showed concern to the vaccines.It is essential to improve the service quality of national immunization program and strengthen the health education about the vaccination to reduce the incidence of vaccine hesitancy in parents.

关 键 词：疫苗犹豫 免疫规划 接种率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]