数字金融对商业银行经营效率的影响——基于16家上市银行的实证研究  

Research on the Impact of Digital Finance on the operating Efficiency of Commercial Banks——Based on Empirical Research of 16 listed Banks

作　　者：高旭 高建斌[2] GAO Xu;GAO Jian-bin(School of Business,University of Jinan,Jinan 250002,China;School of Business,Jinggangshan University,Ji’an 343009,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学商学院,山东济南250002 [2]井冈山大学商学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《井冈山大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期85-95,共11页Journal of Jinggangshan University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：数字金融的发展对商业银行而言机遇与挑战并存。首先采用全局主成分分析法和DEA-Malmquist模型测度商业银行的经营效率,其次利用16家上市银行2011--2018年的面板数据实证检验数字金融对商业银行经营效率的影响,并针对商业银行股权结构异质性进行分样本回归。结果表明,第一,2011--2018年多数银行全要素生产率值小于1,银行整体经营效率不高,主要是由于技术效率降低导致的;第二,数字金融对商业银行经营效率具有显著的正向影响,数字金融发展越好,商业银行经营效率越高,主要通过数字金融服务的使用深度和普惠金融数字化程度实现,数字金融使用广度对商业银行金融效率的影响不显著;第三,数字金融发展对商业银行技术效率和技术进步均产生了正向作用,但对技术效率的促进作用更大;第四,数字金融对城市商业银行和股份制商业银行的经营促进效果较好,而对国有商业银行经营的影响较低。基于实证结果提出政策和建议,以化解和减少数字金融对商业银行的不利影响,优化商业银行运营模式,提高金融服务水平。The development of digital finance means opportunities as well as challenges for commercial banks.In order to clarify the impact of digital finance on the operating efficiency of commercial banks,this article first adopts global principal component analysis and DEA-Malmquist model to measure the operating efficiency of commercial banks.Secondly,panel data of 16 listed banks from 2011 to 2018 is used to empirically test the impact of digital finance on the operating efficiency of commercial banks,and sub-sample regressions are conducted for the heterogeneity of the equity structure of commercial banks.The results show that the value of total factor productivity in majority of commercial banks is less than 1 from 2011 to 2018,the total operating efficiency is low,which mainly result from the low technical efficiency.Digital finance has a significant positive impact on the operating efficiency of commercial banks.The better digital finance develops,the higher the operating efficiency of commercial banks is.This is mainly achieved through the usage depth of digital financial services and the digitization level of inclusive finance,while the coverage width of digital finance has no significant impact.The development of digital finance has had positive effects on the technical efficiency and progress,but the effect on the technical efficiency is greater than on the technical progress.Besides,digital finance has a better effect on the operation of city commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks than on the operation of state-owned commercial banks.Based on empirical results,policies and recommendations are put forward to resolve and reduce the adverse effects of digital finance on commercial banks,to optimize commercial bank’s operating pattern,and to improve financial service levels.

关 键 词：数字金融 商业银行 经营效率 全局主成分分析法 DEA-Malmquist模型 

分 类 号：F832.1[经济管理—金融学]