商丘市视程障碍天气现象特征及其影响分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics and Influence of Visual Impairment Weather Phenomenon in Shangqiu City

作　　者：张云霞 史桂芬 檀艳静 ZHANG Yunxia;SHI Guifen;TAN Yanjing(Shangqiu Meteorological Service,Shangqiu 476000,Henan China;Henan Provincial Climate Centre,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Zhoukou Meteorological Service,Zhoukou 466000,Henan China)

机构地区：[1]商丘市气象局,河南商丘476000 [2]河南省气候中心,郑州450003 [3]周口市气象局,河南周口466000

出　　处：《河南科学》2021年第9期1472-1479,共8页Henan Science

基　　金：河南省气候中心气候可行性论证创新团队项目;中国气象局·河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室开放基金(AMF202005)。

摘　　要：利用商丘市8个气象站1961—2020年轻雾、雾、扬沙、沙尘暴、霾、浮尘视程障碍天气现象观测资料,采用统计分析和M-K检验方法,分析商丘市视程障碍天气现象特征及其对交通的影响.结果表明,商丘市1961—2020年的年轻雾、雾、霾天气分别以18.0、2.9、4.9 d/10 a呈增加趋势;扬沙、沙尘暴天气分别以-3.4、-1.0 d/10 a呈减少趋势.年轻雾天气201.2 d,60.0%集中在7—12月,10月最多;年雾天气25.9 d,51.1%集中在10月—翌年1月,12月最多;年霾天气15.0 d,86.7%集中在10月—翌年4月,12月最多;年扬沙天气7.5 d,85%集中在12月—翌年6月,3、4月最多;年沙尘暴天气1.5 d,92%集中在12月—翌年6月,4月最多;年浮尘天气2.0 d,88%集中在11月—翌年4月,4月最多.年平均扬沙与年沙尘暴、浮尘和霾的天数呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.747和0.404.影响高速公路行车速度的因素主要是雾和霾.空气能见度<1.0 km为24.7次/a,以5.5次/10 a呈显著增加趋势,时间86.3%集中在02时和08时;能见度1.0~2.0 km为23.4次/a,以8.2次/10 a呈显著增加趋势,70.9%集中在02时和08时.Based on the observation data of light fog,fog,blowing sand,sandstorm,haze and floating dust at eight meteorological stations in Shangqiu City from 1961 to 2020,the methods of statistical analysis and M-K test were used to analyze the characteristic of visual obstruction weather phenomenon and its effects on the traffic.The results showed that from 1961 to 2020,the days of light fog,fog and haze in Shangqiu showed an increasing trend of 18.0 d/10 a,2.9 d/10 a and 4.9 d/10 a,respectively.The days of blowing sand and sandstorm showed a decreasing trend of-3.4 d/10 a and-1.0 d/10 a,respectively.The annual light fog days were 201.2 d,60.0%of which concentrated in July to December and the most was in October.The annual fog days were 25.9 d,51.1%of which concentrated in October to January and the most was in December.The annual haze days were 15.0 d,86.7%of which concentrated in October to April and the most was in December.The annual blowing sand days were 7.5 d,85%of which concentrated in December to June and the most was in March and April.The annual sandstorm days were 1.5 days,92%of which occurred from December to June and the most was in April.The annual floating dust days were 2.0 d,88%of which concentrated in November to April and the most was in April.There was a significant positive correlation between annual average blowing sand and the annual days of sandstorm,floating dust and haze,with correlation coefficients of 0.747 and 0.404,respectively.The influence factors of highway driving speed were mainly fog and haze.Air visibility<1.0 km was 24.7 times/a,with a significant increasing trend of 5.5 times/10 a,and 86.3%of the time was concentrated at 08:00 and 02:00.Air visibility of 1.0-2.0 km was 23.4 times/a,with a significant increasing trend of 8.2 times/10 a,and 70.9%of the time was concentrated at 08:00 and 02:00.

关 键 词：商丘市 视程障碍 天气现象 交通 

分 类 号：P42[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]