广东省梅县区野生药用植物资源状况研究  

Study on the Resources of Wild Medicinal Plants in Meixian County,Guangdong Province

作　　者：翟明[1] 林大都[1] 张宽云 李兰芳[1] 罗宝平[1] ZHAI Ming;LIN Da-du;ZHANG Kuan-yun;LI Lan-fang;LUO Bao-ping(Medical College,Jiaying University,Meizhou 514031,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉应学院医学院,广东梅州514031

出　　处：《中药材》2020年第9期2112-2117,共6页Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials

基　　金：2017年中医药公共卫生服务补助专项“全国项目”(财社[2017]66号);2018年度梅州市社会发展科技计划项目(2018B058);2018广东省中医药局中药资源普查专项(20185018);国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004);2019年医疗服务与保障能力提升补助资金(中医药事业传承与发展部分)“全国中药资源普查项目”(财社[2019]39号)。

摘　　要：目的:研究广东省梅县区野生药用植物资源状况,为该区野生药用植物的开发和可持续利用提供科学依据。方法:通过资料收集、走访调查、样地实地调查、样线调查及"3S"空间技术的利用,对梅县区38个样地及样线区域开展研究,对该地区的野生药用植物资源进行多样性分析研究。结果:梅县区现有植物资源共计147科422属645种,其中野生药用植物136科364属514种,重点药材78种。此次普查药用植物均多于第三次普查物种数(116科288属395种)。梅县区野生药用植物以被子植物占比最多,共107科324属457种。野生药用植物20种以上物种的优势科有菊科、豆科、茜草科;含11~20种物种的大型科共6科87种;含6~10种物种的中型科共14科103种;含2~5种物种的小型科共63科、190种;仅1种物种的单种科共50科50种。梅县区野生药用植物资源以草本为主;灌木类植物在4种生活型中所占比例最大。药用部位以全草类、根及根茎类为主。有47种药用植物具有毒性,部分为梅州地区常用中草药,存在安全用药隐患。结论:梅县区植物资源种类丰富,但部分物种因不合理采挖而濒临灭绝。该资源普查工作掌握了梅县地区中药资源的一手资料,为进一步探讨梅县地区中草药资源的保护和开发利用提供了依据。Objective:To study the status of wild medicinal plants resources in Meixian county,Guangdong province,so as to provide a scientific basis for the development and sustainable use of wild medicinal plants in this area.Methods:Through data collection,visit investigation,sample survey,sample line survey and the use of"3 S"space technology,the study was carried out on 38 plots and sample line areas in Meixian county,the diversity of wild medicinal plant resources in this area was analyzed and studied.Results:There were 645 species of 422 genera and 147 families in Meixian county.Among them,514 species in 364 genera and 136 families of wild medicinal plants,78 kinds of key herbs were found.The species numbers of wild medicinal plant were more than that of the third survey(116 families,288 genera and 395 species).Angiosperms accounted for the largest proportion of wild medicinal plants in Meixian county,with 457 species in 324 genera and 107 families.The dominant families of more than 20 species of wild medicinal plants were Asteraceae,Leguminosae,Rubiaceae;There were 6 families and 87 species of large families with 11 to 20 species,14 families and 103 species of medium families with 6 to 10 species,63 families and 190 species of small families with 2 to 5 species and 50 families and 50 species of single family with only one species.The resources of wild medicinal plants in Meixian county were mainly herbs;Shrubs accounted for the largest proportion of the four life forms.The medicinal parts were mainly Herba,Radix and Rhizoma.A total of 47 species of medicinal plants were toxic,some of which were Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Meizhou,and there were hidden dangers in safe use.Conclusion:Meixian county has abundant plant resources,but some species are on the brink of extinction due to unreasonable excavation.The resource investigation has grasped the background information of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Meixian county,and provided a basis for further discussion of the inheritance,development and

关 键 词：梅县 中药资源普查 野生药用植物 可持续利用 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]