香蕉中40 K及其年有效剂量估算  

Analysis of radionuclide content,annual effective dose and cancer risk in bananas

作　　者：刘玉连[1] 林军平 王海云 阮书州 LIU Yulian;LIN Junping;WANG Haiyun;RUAN Shuzhou(Institute of Radiation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院放射医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2021年第5期99-103,共5页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3332019099)资助。

摘　　要：通过检测不同地区香蕉中40K的放射性水平,估算其所致的年有效剂量,并分析其致癌风险。建立基线数据,采集了国内6个地区9种香蕉和国外2个地区3种香蕉样品,对香蕉进行剥皮、切片、烘干、粉碎、过筛、装样等处理后,采用γ谱仪对样品进行测量分析。所有香蕉均检测到放射性核素40K,其他放射性核素则低于探测下限。菲律宾帝皇蕉中的40K比活度最大,广西西贡蕉最小。进口香蕉40K平均干重比活度为(472.1±59.5) Bq/kg,国产香蕉40K平均干重比活度为(361.9±80.7) Bq/kg,二者无统计学差异(p>0.05)。福建红皮蕉中40K所致的年有效剂量最高(5.4μSv/a),广西西贡蕉则最小(3.1μSv/a)。因摄入香蕉而增加的癌症风险平均值为1.6×10^(-5)。本文监测的香蕉中40K最高浓度为(540.8±26.8) Bq/kg,远低于国家标准限制值。各香蕉中40K所致的年有效剂量和致癌风险均处于正常水平,无需采取预防措施。The aim of this study is to determine the levels of 40K radionuclides in bananas procured from different regions, calculate the annual effective dose, analyze the carcinogenic risk, and establish baseline data. Nine kinds of bananas from 6 regions in China and three kinds of bananas from 2 regions abroad were collected. After peeling, slicing, drying, crushing, sieving, and sample loading, the samples were measured and analyzed using a γ-ray spectrometer. 40K was detected in all bananas, but the concentrations of the other radionuclides were lower than the detection limit. The radioactivity concentration of 40K in Philippine imperial banana was the highest and that in Xigong banana from Guangxi was the lowest. The average 40K radioactivity of imported bananas was(472.1±59.5) Bq/kg, while that of domestic bananas was(361.9±80.7) Bq/kg. There was no significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05). The annual effective dose caused by 40K in Fujian Hongpi banana was the highest(5.4 μSv/a), while that in Xigong banana from Guangxi was the lowest(3.1 μSv/a). The average increased cancer risk due to banana intake was 1.6×10^(-5). The highest concentration of 40K in the bananas considered in this study was(540.8±26.8) Bq/kg,which is much lower than the national standard limit. The annual effective dose and carcinogenic risk caused by 40K in the bananas are at the normal level, thus eliminating the need for consumers to take any precautions.

关 键 词：香蕉 放射性核素 40K 年有效剂量 致癌风险 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]