石油污染对羊草草地土壤水解酶反应特性的影响  

Effect of Petroleum Pollution on the Reaction Characteristics of Soil Hydrolases of Leymus chinensis Grassland

作　　者：赵境怡 郭雨鑫 岳中辉 罗慧 唐卓磊 ZHAO Jing-yi;GUO Yu-xin;YUE Zhong-hui;LUO Hui;TANG Zhuo-lei(College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University/Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Biology,Harbin 150025,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院/黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2021年第10期55-62,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2017039);哈尔滨师范大学硕士研究生创新科研项目(HSDSSCX2020-10)。

摘　　要：通过研究石油污染对羊草草地土壤碳、氮、磷养分转化的3种关键酶(转化酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶)活性的影响,并进一步分析3种酶的酶促反应动力学和热力学特征变化。结果表明:随温度升高,15℃时各样地3种酶的活性、V_(max)值、V_(max)/K_(m)值、ΔG值开始增加,ΔH值从15℃开始减小,各指标均在35℃或45℃时达到极值。3种酶的Q 10值受温度影响较小,数值均分布在1.04~1.12间。同一温度下,石油污染可降低3种酶的活性、V_(max)值、V_(max)/K_(m)值以及转化酶的ΔH值与ΔS值,而土壤转化酶、脲酶的ΔG值均升高。石油污染对土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶的ΔH值、ΔS值的影响差异较大。综上所述,石油污染的羊草草地土壤水解酶的催化反应特性存在差异,但升温能提高3种水解酶活性,促进土壤中碳、氮、磷养分的循环。The effects of petroleum pollution on the activities of three key enzymes(invertase,urease and alkaline phosphatase)for the conversion of soil carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in Leymus chinensis grassland were studied in this experiment.The changes of enzymatic reaction kinetics and thermodynamic characteristics of the three enzymes were also analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of temperature,the activities,V_(max),V_(max)/K_(m) and ΔG values of the three enzymes at each experimental sites all began to increase at 15℃,while theΔH value began to decrease at 15℃.All indicators reached the highest values at 35℃or 45℃.The Q 10 value of the three enzymes were less affected by temperature,and these values were distributed between 1.04 and 1.12.At the same temperature,petroleum pollution reduced the activities,V_(max) and V_(max)/K_(m)values of three enzymes,as well as theΔH andΔS values of invertase,while theΔG value of invertase and urease increased.Moreover,the impact of petroleum pollution on theΔH andΔS values of urease and alkaline phosphatase were quite different.In conclusion,the catalytic reaction characteristics of soil hydrolases were different in petroleum polluted Leymus chinensis grassland.However,warming can increase the activities of the three hydrolase enzymes and promote the circulation of carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus in the soil.

关 键 词：石油污染 羊草草地 土壤水解酶 动力学特征 热力学特征 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]