无抗日粮中添加生物发酵饲料对肉鸡生长性能、养分代谢及血清指标的影响  

Effects of biofermentation feed added in antibiotic-free diet on growth performance,nutrient metabolism and serum indexes of broiler chickens

作　　者：姜莱 黄煜博 袁纯纯 丁小青 侯艳彬 范京辉[3] 钱利纯 JIANG Lai;HUANG Yubo;YUAN Chunchun;DING Xiaoqing;HOU Yanbin;FAN Jinghui;QIAN Lichun(Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University,Sanya 572025,Hainan,China;Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Animal Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Animal Husbandry Institute,Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]海南浙江大学研究院,海南三亚572025 [2]浙江大学动物科学学院,农业农村部华东动物营养与饲料重点实验室,杭州310058 [3]杭州市农业科学研究院畜牧研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2021年第5期628-636,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省科学技术厅科技特派员项目。

摘　　要：为研究以茶渣、豆粕和麸皮为底物的发酵饲料对肉鸡生长性能、养分代谢率及血清指标的影响,采用单因素设计,选取240羽体质量相近、健康状况良好的1日龄罗斯308肉鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,试验期42 d。其中:对照组T_(1),饲喂基础日粮;试验组T_(2),饲喂基础日粮+亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽(40 mg/kg);试验组T_(3)、T_(4)、T_(5),分别用发酵饲料代替基础饲粮中2%、4%和6%的豆粕。结果表明:1)与对照组T_(1)相比,T_(4)组肉鸡1—21日龄的平均日增质量、21日龄和42日龄体质量均显著增加(P<0.05),1—21日龄料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)T_(4)和T_(5)组肉鸡粗蛋白的表观代谢率显著高于T_(1)和T_(2)组(P<0.05)。3)与对照组T_(1)相比,T_(2)和T_(5)组血清白蛋白水平显著提高(P<0.05),T_(5)组血清抗氧化指标(总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量)均差异显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,在肉鸡饲粮中添加以茶渣、豆粕和麸皮为底物的发酵饲料可以提高肉鸡的生长性能、屠宰性能、粗蛋白的表观代谢率和血清指标水平,呈现和抗生素相似的促生长效果。The study focuses on the effects of fermented feed with tea residue,soybean meal and bran as substrates on growth performance,nutrient metabolic rates and serum indexes of broiler chickens.Using single factor test design,240 one-day-of-age Ross 308 broiler chickens with similar body mass and good health were randomly divided into five groups[control group Tl,fed the basic diet;experimental group T_(2),fed the basic diet+methylene salicylic acid bacitracin(40 mg/kg);experimental groups T_(3),T_(4),T_(5),fed the fermented feed to replace 2%,4%and 6%soybean meal in the basic diet,respectively]with six replicates per treatment and eight chickens per replicate.The test period was 42 d.The results showed that:1)Compared with the control group Tl,the average daily gain from 1 to 21 days of age,21 day-of-age and 42 day-of-age body masses of broiler chickens in the T_(4)group significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed-to-gain ratio was significantly reduced from 1 to 21 days of age(P<0.05).2)The apparent metabolic rates of crude protein of broiler chickens in T_(4)and T_(5)groups were significantly higher than those in T_(1)and T_(2)groups(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group Tl,the serum albumin levels of the T_(2)and T_(5)groups significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum antioxidant indexes(total superoxide dismutase,catalase activities,and malondialdehyde content)of the T_(5)group were significantly different(P<0.05).In summary,the addition of fermented feed with tea residue,soybean meal and bran as substrates in the diets can improve broiler chickens’growth performance,slaughter performance,apparent metabolic rates of crude protein and serum index levels,reflecting growth-promoting effects similar to antibiotics.

关 键 词：发酵饲料 肉鸡 抗生素 生产性能 表观代谢率 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]