不同骨料对粗放型绿色屋顶人工基质理化性质的影响  

Effect of Different Aggregates on Physical and Chemical Properties of Extensive Green Roof Artificial Substrate

作　　者：陈璇 周明来 叶建军 刘瑛 刘瑞芬 CHEN Xuan;ZHOU Minglai;YE Jianjun;LIU Ying;LIU Ruifen(School of Civil Engin.,Architecture and Environment,Hubei Univ.of Tech.,Wuhan 430068,China;Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecological Restoration and Algae Utilization of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《湖北工业大学学报》2021年第5期73-80,共8页Journal of Hubei University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51909081);水利部珠江河口动力学及伴生过程调控重点实验室开放研究基金([2017]KJ08)。

摘　　要：轻质骨料是粗放型绿色屋顶基质层的主要成分,为研究分析其配比、级配及类型对基质理化性质的影响,采用三种常见轻质骨料蛭石3~5 mm、珍珠岩3~6 mm、珍珠岩4~8 mm,每种骨料按照90%、85%、80%的添加率分别与一种有机质鸡粪进行充分混合,共得到九组基质种类并测定各组基质的颗粒粒径分布、干密度、比重、孔隙度、最大持水量、饱和载荷、渗透率、有机质总量、碱解氮含量、速效磷含量。结果表明:随着蛭石添加率的增加,蛭石组的有机质总量、碱解氮及速效磷含量显著减小。当蛭石添加率达到90%时,蛭石组比重显著降低。随着珍珠岩添加率的增加,珍珠岩组的干密度、最大持水量、饱和载荷、有机质总量、碱解氮及速效磷含量减小而孔隙度、渗透率增大。当珍珠岩添加率为90%、85%时,骨料级配对最大持水量有显著影响,珍珠岩3~6 mm组的最大持水量高于珍珠岩4~8 mm组的,最大持水量与该组粒径为0.5~1 mm颗粒的质量分数呈正相关。在骨料添加率相同时,珍珠岩组的干密度、饱和载荷、有机质总量、碱解氮及速效磷含量低于蛭石组,但其孔隙度高于蛭石组。按照德国FLL规范,添加率为90%的蛭石3~5 mm组、添加率为90%的珍珠岩3~6 mm组和添加率为90%珍珠岩4~8 mm组具备潜在的应用价值。Lightweight aggregate is the main component of the extensive green roof substrate layer.To study and analyze the influence of its ratio,gradation and type on the physical and chemical properties of the substrate,three common lightweight aggregate vermiculite 3~5 mm,perlite 3~6 mm,perlite 4~8 mm and an organic chicken manure were used.Each aggregate was thoroughly mixed with organic chicken manure according to the addition ratio of 90%,85%,80%,and finally nine groups of matrix species were obtained.The particle size distribution,dry density,specific gravity,porosity,maximum water holding capacity,saturation load,permeability of the substrates,total organic matter,content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and content of available phosphorus in each group were measured.The results indicate that with the increase of the addition rate of vermiculite,the total organic matter,the content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and the content of available phosphorus in the vermiculite group decreased significantly.When the addition rate of vermiculite reached 90%,the specific gravity of vermiculite group decreased obviously.As the addition rate of perlite decreases,the dry density,maximum water holding capacity,saturation load,total organic matter,content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,and content of available phosphorus of the perlite group increase while the porosity and permeability decrease.When the addition rate of perlite is 85%,90%,the maximum water holding capacity of aggregate grading has a significant effect.The maximum water holding capacity of the perlite 3~6 mm group is higher than that of the perlite 4~8 mm group.When the aggregate addition rate is the same,the perlite group has lower dry density,saturation load,total organic matter,content of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,and content of available phosphorus than the vermiculite group,but its porosity is higher than the vermiculite group.The perlite group has a wider adjustment range for permeability.According to the German FLL standard,the vermiculite 3~5 mm group

关 键 词：粗放型绿色屋顶 人工基质 理化性质 蛭石 珍珠岩 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]