北京2022年冬季奥运会冬季两项赛场山谷风现象初探  

Analysis of Mountain-Valley Breeze on Biathlon Venue of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics

作　　者：付晓明 刘昊野 李彤彤 花家嘉 李江波 FU Xiaoming;LIU Haoye;LI Tongtong;HUA Jiajia;LI Jiangbo(Tangshan Meteorological Bureau/Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Ecological Environment,Tangshan 063000,China;Qinhuangdao Meteorological Bureau,Qinhuangdao 066000,China;Handan Meteorological Bureau,Handan 056004,China;Xiong'an New Area Meteorological Service,Xiong'an 071700,China;Hebei Meteorological Bureau,Shijiazhuang 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]唐山市气象局/河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室,河北唐山063000 [2]秦皇岛市气象局,河北秦皇岛066000 [3]邯郸市气象局,河北邯郸056004 [4]雄安新区气象局,河北雄安新区071700 [5]河北省气象局,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2021年第5期24-29,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：唐山市科技计划项目(19150261E)。

摘　　要：基于2019年1—3月张家口站探空资料与张家口市崇礼区B1638、B1640区域自动站的每小时2分钟平均风向、2分钟平均风速、整点气温及系留气艇探空资料分析第24届冬奥会冬季两项赛场的山谷风特征,为冬奥会天气预报提供参考。结果表明:环境风场较弱时,冬季两项赛场中存在山谷风现象,白天多上坡风及上谷风,夜间多下坡风及下谷风;山谷风系统一天具有两次风向的转变,下谷风转上谷风一般在日出后,而上谷风转下谷风一般在日落后;山谷风系统强度较弱,具有明显日变化,白天偏大而夜间偏小,并且受盛行西风影响明显;风向转变时,会伴随剧烈的气温升降,其原因与冷湖结构密切相关;对山谷风的预报需要综合考虑环境风场强弱、风向的转换时间、风速的分布、风向转换时气温的变化等。Based on the radiosonde data at Zhangjiakou station and hourly 2-minute mean wind direction,2-minute mean wind speed,hourly temperature and sounding data of the moorings airboat at B1638 and B1640 regional automatic station in Chongli district from January to March 2019,the valley wind characteristics of the 24th Winter Olympic Biathlon were analyzed,which could provide reference for the weather forecast of the Winter Olympic Games.The research results show that the environmental wind field is weak,more uphill wind and upper valley wind in the day,and more downhill wind and lower valley wind in the night,the wind direction changes twice in a day.The downward valley wind usually turns to upward valley wind after sunrise,and the upward valley wind usually turns to downward valley wind after sunset.The intensity of the Mountain-Valley Breeze system is weak and has obvious diurnal variation,larger during the day and smaller at night,and it is obviously influenced by the prevailing westerly wind.The variation of the wind direction is accompanied with drastic increase or decrease of the air temperature,which is closely related to“Cold Air Lake”structure.The prediction of valley wind requires comprehensive consideration of the intensity of the environmental wind field,time of wind direction conversion,distribution of wind speed and change of temperature during wind direction conversion.

关 键 词：冬奥会 山谷风 气温 冷湖 预报 

分 类 号：P425.41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]