发达地区残疾儿童生活质量现状及其影响因素分析——以上海市为例  

Quality of Life and Influencing Factors for Children with Disabilities in Developed Areas in China:a Case of Shanghai

作　　者：张诗雅 孙梅[1,2,3] 吕军[1,2,3] 夏聪 郑红颖 陈刚[1,2,3] 唐蕾 王晓茜 ZHANG Shi-ya;SUN Mei;LÜJun;XIA Cong;ZHENG Hong-ying;CHEN Gang;TANG Lei;WANG Xiao-qian(School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;China Research Center on Disability,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment(Fudan University),Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海市200032 [2]复旦大学中国残疾问题研究中心,上海市200032 [3]国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学),上海市200032

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2021年第10期1127-1134,共8页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(No.17ZDA078);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.71774030);上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题(No.2018BGL005)。

摘　　要：目的分析残疾儿童生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法2019年12月至2020年1月以及2020年8月至9月,方便抽样方法选取上海市残疾儿童照护者285例,采用欧洲五维健康量表儿童和青少年版(EQ-5D-Y)对残疾儿童进行生活质量测量。采用多元线性逐步回归分析探讨儿童个体因素、照护者因素、环境因素(家庭因素和社会因素)对儿童生活质量的影响。结果残疾儿童视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分较低(71.66±22.33)。肢体残疾(B=-13.623,95%CI-25.282~-1.965,P=0.022)、多重残疾(B=-14.911,95%CI-27.445~-2.377,P=0.020),并发疾病(B=-8.995,95%CI-14.780~-3.210,P=0.002),情绪不稳定(B=-4.414,95%CI-7.433~-1.395,P=0.004),伙伴关系不好(B=4.965,95%CI 1.748~8.181,P=0.003),无学前教育(B=-7.757,95%CI-12.954~-2.561,P=0.004),祖辈作为主要照护者(B=-7.999,95%CI-14.288~-1.710,P=0.013)的儿童生活质量较差。结论残疾儿童的生活质量不高,受儿童个体、照护者及环境多维因素的共同影响,其中主要影响因素为个体因素和照护者因素。Objective To explore the current status of the quality of life of children with disabilities and its influencing factors.Methods From December,2019 to January,2020,and August to September,2020,a total of 285 family caregivers of children with disabilities were enrolled in Shanghai.The EuroQol-5 Dimension Questionnaire Youth Version(EQ-5D-Y)was used to measure the quality of life of 285 children with disabilities.The impact of individual factors,caregiver factors,and environmental factors(family factors and social factors)on children's quality of life were analyzed using multiple linear stepwise regression analysis.Results The score of Visual Analog Scale(VAS)was(71.66±22.33).The quality of life were poorer for children with physical disabilities(B=-13.623,95%CI-25.282 to-1.965,P=0.022)or multiple disabilities(B=-14.911,95%CI-27.445 to-2.377,P=0.020),combined diseases(B=-8.995,95%CI-14.780 to-3.210,P=0.002),emotional instability(B=-4.414,95%CI-7.433 to-1.395,P=0.004),poor partnerships(B=4.965,95%CI 1.748 to 8.181,P=0.003),no pre-school education(B=-7.757,95%CI-12.954 to-2.561,P=0.004)and grandparents as the main caregiver(B=-7.999,95%CI-14.288 to-1.710,P=0.013).Conclusion The quality of life for children with disabilities is relatively poor and influenced by multiple factors such as children's individual,caregivers,and environment.The main influencing factors are individual factors and caregiver factors.

关 键 词：残疾儿童 生活质量 影响因素 残疾类型 

分 类 号：R49[医药卫生—康复医学]