我国东北农村地区社区社会资本、社区环境与老年认知功能关系研究  

Social Capital,Neighborhood Environment,and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults Living in Rural Northeast China

作　　者：吕楠[1] Lu Nan

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院社会工作系,北京100872

出　　处：《社会建设》2021年第4期75-82,共8页Social Construction

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“积极老龄化视域下社会资本整合与老年人健康研究”(19ASH018)。

摘　　要：作为老年人常见疾病之一,老年失智症已成为健康老龄化的突出问题,给社会带来了沉重的负担。认知功能下降是老年失智症的重要指标。性别、教育水平,以及生活自理能力与认知健康显著相关。在我国农村地区,老年人教育水平存在性别差异,女性老年人一般教育水平偏低。在社区环境与社会资本方面,社区互惠、社区交通便利情况以及娱乐活动与老年认知功能显著正相关。因此,在未来的长期照护政策和干预发展中,应着重针对教育水平较低的农村女性老年人(尤其是失能老人)的认知健康采取积极的预防干预。社区互惠以及社区环境的提升亦是未来相关干预的重点内容。As one of the common diseases among older people,dementia has become a signifcant concern of healthy ageing,which brings heavy burdens to societies.The decline in cognitive function is an important predictor of dementia.Gender,education level,and activities of daily living were found to be signifcantly associated with cognitive function.Older women generally had lower educational attainments than older men in rural communities.In terms of neighborhood environment and social capital,reciprocity,public transportation,and entertainment facility and activity were signifcantly associated with cognitive function in older age.Therefore,future policy and intervention development should put great emphasis on preventative strategies,especially for older women with low educational attainments and poor functional health.Reciprocity in neighborhood and the quality of neighborhood environment also deserved particular attention in future long-term care system developments in rural China.

关 键 词：社会资本 社区环境 认知健康 老年人口 

分 类 号：C912.8[经济管理] D669.6[社会学]