机构地区:[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林省动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室,动物生产及产品质量安全教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130118
出 处:《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2021年第5期820-825,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基 金:吉林省教育厅“十三五”科学技术项目(JJKH 20200349KJ);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31601982)。
摘 要:【目的】研究运输前灌服谷氨酰胺(Gln)对运输应激肉仔鸡生长性能、血液激素水平及抗氧化能力的影响。【方法】选取健康初生AA肉仔鸡300只,随机分为5组,A、B组灌服1 mL生理盐水,C、D和E组按肉鸡体重分别灌服1 mL质量分数为0.50、0.75和1.00 g/kg的Gln。随后B、C、D和E组进行5 h的运输处理,A组为对照组。5 h运输应激处理后,称重并采集血液测定血清皮质酮(CORT)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)和活性氧(ROS)水平;此后常规饲养14 d,测定采食量和日增重。【结果】(1)5 h运输应激后,B组显著失重(P<0.05),而灌服Gln肉仔鸡则未出现失重。饲养至7日龄时,运输应激B组肉仔鸡平均日增重、平均采食量和饲料转化率仍显著低于对照组(P<0.05),但灌服不同剂量Gln可有效改善肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均采食量,其中D组平均采食量与饲料转化率恢复到了对照组水平。14日龄时,运输应激B组肉仔鸡平均日增重、平均采食量和饲料转化率仍显著低于对照组(P<0.05),灌服不同剂量Gln均可有效提高肉仔鸡平均日增重和平均采食量(P<0.05);其中D组平均日增重和平均采食量与E组平均日增重可恢复到对照组水平,而饲料转化率仍低于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,运输应激可导致B组血清CORT、ACTH、ROS、MDA和LDH水平显著升高(P<0.05),而GSH-Px、SOD和CAT活性显著下降(P<0.05),运前灌服不同剂量Gln可改善上述激素水平和酶的活性,其中C组MDA水平并没有显著改善(P>0.05),D组肉仔鸡的ROS水平可恢复至对照组水平。【结论】5 h运输会导致肉仔鸡生长性能下降,血液激素水平和抗氧化能力发生改变;运前灌服Gln可有效缓解运输应激造成的上述影响,其中0.75 g/kg的灌服水平改善效果较好。[Purpose]To study the effects of glutamine(Gln)administration before transportation on growth performance,blood hormone levels and antioxidant capacity of stressed broilers.[Method]300 healthy AA newborn broilers were selected and randomly divided into five groups.Group A and B were given 1 mL of normal saline,while group C,D and E were given 1 mL of normal saline with the concentration of 0.50,0.75 and 1.00 g Gln per kg body weight of broilers respectively.Subsequently B,C,D and E were transported for five hours,and group A was the control group.After five hours of stress treatment,the chicks were weighed and blood samples were collected to assess the levels of corticosterone(CORT),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),adrenocorticosteroid(ACTH)and reactive oxygen species(ROS).During the followed 14 days routine feeding,food intake and daily weight gain were determined.[Result](1)After five hours of transportation stress,weight loss was significantly observed in group B(P<0.05),but no weight loss was observed in broilers administrated Gln.At seven days of age,the average daily gain and average feed intake and feed efficiency of broilers in group B were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05),but compared with group B,Gln administration improved the average daily gain and average feed intake of broilers(P<0.05),the average feed intake and feed efficiency of the broilers in group D restored to the similar level of the control group.At fourteen days of age,the average daily gain,feed intake and feed efficiency of broilers in groups B were still significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05),the improvement of Gln administration on the average feed intake and average daily gain was still observed(P<0.05),especially group D and E had restored to the level of control group,but the feed efficiency of group D and E was still lower than those in control group(P<0.05).(2)Compared with the control group,transport stres
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