高压直流断路器耗能支路MOV关键技术  

Key Technology of MOVs in Energy Dissipation Branch of HVDC Circuit Breaker

作　　者：杨兵[1] 石巍[1] 方太勋[1] 谢晔源[1] 吕玮[1] 陈羽 YANG Bing;SHI Wei;FANG Taixun;XIE Yeyuan;LÜWei;CHEN Yu(NR Electric Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211102,China)

机构地区：[1]南京南瑞继保电气有限公司,南京211102

出　　处：《高电压技术》2021年第9期3208-3217,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0902400)。

摘　　要：金属氧化锌避雷器(MOV)作为高压直流断路器的重要组成部分,具有电压等级高、吸收能量大(数百兆焦)的特点,工程设计难度大。该文详细开展了高压直流断路器MOV关键技术研究。首先,影响高压直流断路器MOV吸收能量的因素众多,MOV吸收能量计算和仿真难度大。同时详细分析了柔性直流系统运行方式、暂态保护控制策略、高压直流断路器的位置、故障点的位置以及故障类型对MOV吸收能量的影响,并以张北±535k V柔直工程为例,搭建七端仿真模型,归纳出直流断路器耗能支路MOV能量仿真方法。其次,高压直流断路器MOV能量巨大,需要涉及大量阀片串并联设计,该文从阀片生产工艺、一致性筛选试验、阀片配组、整体结构设计等方面开展多级阀片串并联的MOV一致性关键技术研究,同时设计多柱并联下MOV的监视和保护功能技术,提高其运行可靠性。最后,考虑到高压直流断路器中MOV的特殊应用工况,现有型式试验项目不能充分有效地考核其性能指标,还重点开展了MOV能量等效性试验和多柱均流测试的关键方法研究。高压直流断路器MOV关键技术研究涵盖了设计、生产与试验等各个环节,攻克直流断路器MOV设计难题,相关技术已经成功应用于张北±535 k V多端柔直工程。The metal oxide varistors(MOVs), as an essential part of high voltage direct current(HVDC) circuit breakers,have the characteristics of high voltage level and high energy absorption(hundreds of megajoules) which is designed with more difficulty. In this paper, the key technologies of MOVs in the HVDC circuit breaker are studied. Firstly, it is difficult to calculate and simulate the energy absorption of MOVs, and many factors may affect the energy absorption of MOV in HVDC circuit breaker. Therefore, the influential factors such as the system operation mode, the transient protection control strategy, the location of HVDC circuit breakers and faults, and the fault type are analyzed in detail on MOV energy absorption. Meanwhile, the Zhangbei ±535 k V flexible HVDC project is taken as an example, a seven-terminal simulation model is established, and the simulation method of MOVs energy in the energy dissipation branch of DC circuit breaker is concluded. Secondly, due to high energy absorption of MOVs, a large number of MOV valve plates in series and parallel connection are needed in design. Thirdly, the research of MOV consistency of varistors in series and parallel connection is focused from the aspects of varistor manufacturing process, consistency screening test, varistor grouping assembly, integrated structure design, etc. In addition, the monitoring and protection strategy of MOVs in parallel connection is designed to improve its operation reliability. Lastly, the existing type test items cannot fully assess MOVs’ performance under special application conditions in HVDC circuit breakers. To solve this problem, an equivalent test of MOV energy and a current sharing test are proposed. To summarize, the key technology research on MOVs in the HVDC circuit breaker covers all aspects of design, production and test, and solves the design problems of MOVs, which has been successfully put into operation in Zhangbei ±535 k V flexible HVDC project.

关 键 词：高压直流断路器 金属氧化锌避雷器 吸收能量仿真 MOV一致性 MOV能量试验 MOV均流试验 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器] TM862