马踏湖湿地两种群落土壤种子库萌发研究  

Study on Seed Bank Germination of Cattail Reed Community in Mata Lake Wetland

作　　者：高光飞 李绪燕 陈娅 师姝曼 葛秀丽[1] GAO Guang-fei;LI Xu-yan;CHEN Ya;SHI Shu-man;GE Xiu-li(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)环境科学与工程学院,济南250353

出　　处：《齐鲁工业大学学报》2021年第5期17-22,共6页Journal of Qilu University of Technology

基　　金：山东省大学生创新训练项目(No.S201920431085)。

摘　　要：土壤种子库是湿地群落的重要组成部分,代表了群落的自然恢复潜力。本文以马踏湖优势群落香蒲(Typha orientalis)群落、芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落的土壤种子库为研究对象,通过种子萌发法比较其种子密度、物种多样性、萌发的时间动态等特征差异。结果表明,在春季植物萌发后,香蒲群落土壤种子库平均密度为(1674±1151)粒/m^(2),芦苇群落土壤种子库平均密度为(1011±232)粒/m^(2),群落类型间无明显差异;二者土壤种子库物种组成与地表植被均具有较大差异(香蒲群落Jaccard相似性指数为(0.12±0.01);芦苇群落为(0.10±0.06));香蒲群落物种丰富度SA=8,芦苇群落物种丰富度SA=7,物种多样性(Simpson指数)无明显差异;不同时期萌发的幼苗数有显著性差异(P≦0.05,N=8),表现为第二周和第三周萌发幼苗数显著高于第一、四周;从物种层次上分析,香蒲群落苋菜(Amaranthus mangostanus)种子密度显著高于其他物种,扁秆藨草(Scirpus planiculmis)仅在香蒲群落中出现。根据研究结果,建议在马踏湖湿地植被芦苇群落和香蒲群落恢复实践中可利用原湿地土壤种子库进行自然恢复,并统一进行恢复和管理。Soil seed bank is an important part and represents the natural restoration potential of one wetland community.In this research,the characteristics of seed density,species diversity and germination time dynamics of soil seed banks were compared between Phragmites australis community and Typha orientalis community of Mata Lake wetland by seed germination method.The results showed that after the natural germination in spring,the average density of soil seed bank in Typha orientalis community was(1674±1151)seed/m^(2),and that of Phragmites australis community was(1011±232)seed/m^(2),and there was no significant difference between them;The species composition of soil seed bank and surface vegetation were significantly different(the Jaccard similarity index was(0.12±0.01)in T.orientalis community and(0.10±0.06)in P.australis community);the species richness(SA)of T.orientalis community was 8 while that of P.australis community was 7,and the species diversity(Simpson index)had no significant difference;the germination seedlings number of different germination stages was different significantly(P≦0.05,N=8),showing that the numbers of germinated seedlings in the second and third weeks were significantly higher than those in the first and fourth weeks.At the species level,the seed density of Amaranthus mangostanus in T.orientalis community was significantly higher than the other species,and Scirpus planiculmis was only found in the T.orientalis community.According to the results,it is suggested that the local soil seed bank can be used in the practice of the natural vegetation restoration,and the P.australis community and T.orientali community could be restored and managed in a united way.

关 键 词：湿地 土壤种子库 马踏湖 幼苗 

分 类 号：TG1461[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]