机床热特性优化研究综述  

Review on optimization of thermal characteristics of machine tools

作　　者：蔡德程 陈缤 关欣[1] 李郝林[2] CAI Decheng;CHEN Bin;GUAN Xin;LI Haolin(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力学院,上海200093 [2]上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《上海理工大学学报》2021年第5期443-451,共9页Journal of University of Shanghai For Science and Technology

摘　　要：随着精密加工技术的发展,探究机床各部件生热对精密加工的影响,以提升机床加工精度及精度稳定性成为当前研究重点。本文介绍了精密机床热特性的内、外环境影响因素及控制优化方法,从车间及其机床热环境、结构设计、冷却方式、热误差补偿技术4个方面展开,分析了现代精密机床中误差防止及误差补偿中使用的热设计措施,并针对现有机床温度分布不均、换热效果较差等特点,运用帕尔贴、碳纤维、相变微胶囊材料,结合传热学知识原理,提出了未来解决机床重要部件温升的可发展关键技术方案,以资参考。With the development of precision machining technology,investigating the effect of heat generation on precision machining of machine tool components and how to improve the machining accuracy and precision stability of machine tools have become the focus of current research.The internal and external environmental influencing factors and optimization methods for the control of thermal characteristics of precision machine tools were introdued in this paper.The thermal design measures used in error prevention and error compensation in modern precision machine tools were analyzed from four aspects:workshop and its machine tool thermal environment,structural design,cooling method,and thermal error compensation technology.In view of the uneven temperature distribution and poor heat transfer effect of existing machine tools,the use of peltier,carbon fiber,phase change microcapsule materials,combined with the principle of heat transfer knowledge,the future development of key technology solutions to solve the temperature rise of important parts of machine tools was proposed for reference.

关 键 词：精密机床 热特性分析 精度控制 

分 类 号：TG502[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]