华北油田钻井废水污染物特征及相关性研究  

Research on the Characteristics and Correlation Analysis of Drilling Wastewater Pollutants in Huabei Oilfield

作　　者：石媛丽 辛炜 钱洪霞 赵立忠 罗明检[2] Shi Yuanli;Xin Wei;Qian Hongxia;Zhao Lizhong;Luo Mingjian(CNPC Huabei Oilfield Company;College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University)

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司华北油田分公司,河北062552 [2]东北石油大学化学化工学院

出　　处：《油气田环境保护》2021年第5期30-33,38,共5页Environmental Protection of Oil & Gas Fields

基　　金：华北油田科技攻关项目(2020-HB-E02)。

摘　　要：对华北油田钻井废水的13项污染物特征进行了分析,结果表明:Cd、Ni、Cr6+、Cu、Mn、COD、色度和pH值不同程度超出GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》的限值要求,污染样品占总样品的比例分别为17.34%,3.47%,5.20%,5.20%,13.87%,34.10%,54.34%和18.50%;Cd、COD、色度和pH值是主要污染因子,在钻井废水的管理和无害化处理中要尤其关注。5个采油分厂都存在Cd、Mn、色度和pH值的污染情况;采油四厂钻井废水的污染项目最多,污染率高。相关性分析结果表明:污水的污染程度随井深呈加重趋势;各污染因子中,Ni、Cr、Cr6+、Cu、Mn、色度和COD具有同源性;废水的色度主要由水中溶解的金属组分引起,有机污染物也是导致色度高的重要因素。13 pollutant characteristics of drilling wastewater from Huabei Oilfield were analyzed. Results showed that Cd, Ni, Cr6+,Cu, Mn, COD,chroma and pH exceeded the GB 8978—1996 "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" in varying degrees, and the exceeding rates were 17.34%,3.47%,5.20%,5.20%,13.87%,34.10%,54.34% and 18.50%,respectively. Cd, COD,chroma and pH were the main pollution factors which should be paid more attention on in waste water management and treatment. Samples with excessive Cd, Mn, chroma and pH were observed in all five oil production plants. Samples from the forth oil production plant exhibited the most pollution characteristics and highest exceeding rates. Correlation analysis indicated that the pollution degree increased with the well depth. During all the pollutant characteristics, Ni, Cr, Cr6+,Cu, Mn and chroma were obviously homolog. Chroma of wastewater was mainly caused by metal components and organic pollutants was an important factor leading to high chroma too.

关 键 词：华北油田 钻井废水 污染物特征 相关性 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]