气压扰动时空特征参数对港湾共振的影响  

Impact of Moving Atmospheric Pressure Disturbances on Harbor Resonance

作　　者：孙秋艺 牛小静[1] SUN Qiu-yi;NIU Xiao-jing(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《海岸工程》2021年第3期178-186,共9页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划——滩涂资源承载力评估技术及保护红线划定(2018YFC0407504);国家自然科学基金——气象海啸的诱发机制及预报方法研究(51779125)。

摘　　要：为研究运动大气扰动的时空特征要素对港湾共振的影响,本文以简化的气压扰动和海岸港湾物理模型为对象,探究气压扰动在不同运动方向、登陆点位置和作用时长情境下的港内波动分布规律。研究结果表明:气压扰动在接近沿岸运动时港内水体响应最剧烈;随着运动方向与海岸线夹角绝对值增大,波动总体呈减弱趋势;气压扰动向岸运动比离岸运动更能够引起更加显著的波动;当气压扰动登陆先于掠过港湾时刻,更易在港湾内产生更强烈的波动;中长历时气压扰动引起的港内波动比短历时气压扰动更具有威胁性。研究结论可以为港湾共振预警系统建立提供理论依据。In order to understand the influence of the temporal and spatial variations of moving atmospheric pressure disturbances on the harbor resonance,the distributions of water fluctuations inside the harbor under the case of the atmospheric pressure disturbances with different moving direction,landing point location and action duration are studied by using a simplified atmospheric pressure disturbance and coastal harbor physical model.The results indicate that the water inside the harbor responds strongest when the air pressure disturbance moves near the shore,while with the increasing in absolute value of the angle between the moving direction of the air pressure disturbance and the coastline the water fluctuation in the harbor tends to decrease as a whole.The landward movement of the air pressure disturbance can induce more significant water fluctuation than its seaward movement.When the air pressure disturbance lands before its passing through the harbor more intense fluctuations can be easily induced inside the harbor.The air pressure disturbances with a medium long duration can induce more threatening fluctuations in the harbor than those with a short duration.The conclusions of the study may provide a theoretical basis for establishing a harbor resonance early warning system.

关 键 词：港湾共振 气压扰动 时空特征参数 气象海啸 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学] U652.3[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]