论公平责任一般条款的变迁及适用——对《民法典》第1186条之解读  

On the Vicissitudes and Application of the General Terms of Fair Liability:Interpretation of Article 1186 of The Civil Code

作　　者：程茜 CHENG Qian(Law School,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan,China 610225)

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《昆明学院学报》2021年第5期23-31,共9页Journal of Kunming University

摘　　要：我国《民法典》第1186条对公平责任一般条款的适用范围加以了限制,该规则曾因《民法通则》起草时的立法技术缺陷导致其适用范围扩张化,加之未明确其性质及适用条件,在过去三十余年间的司法实践中其屡遭滥用。承认该规则发挥过的正面作用及其所具有的独特价值,进一步完善相关制度,需要明确适用主体的范围;精神损害赔偿请求在适用此条时不应得到支持;列举确定损失分担数额的主要参考因素;逐步完善社会保障机制与保险制度。Article 1186 of China′s Civil Code limits the scope of application of the general provisions of fair responsibility,which has been abused repeatedly in judicial practice in the past 30 years due to the technical defects of the legislation when The General Principles of the Civil Law was drafted.To recognize the positive role played by the rule and its unique value,and to further improve the relevant system,it is necessary to clarify the scope of the subject of application,the claim for compensation for mental damage cannot be supported in the application of this article,and it is important to enumerate the main reference factors to determine the amount of loss sharing,and gradually improve the social security mechanism and insurance system.

关 键 词：公平责任 损失分担规则 社会保障 补偿制度 侵权责任 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]