种植密度对春玉米产量和茎秆力学性状的影响  

Effects of planting density of spring maize on yield and stem mechanical properties

作　　者：阎晓光 杜艳伟 李洪 董红芬 李爱军 王国梁 周楠 YAN Xiaoguang;DU Yanwei;LI Hong;DONG Hongfen;LI Aijun;WANG Guoliang;ZHOU Nan(Millet Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Changzhi 046011,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学谷子研究所,长治046001

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2021年第5期52-56,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD 0101104-1);国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-02);山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc020)。

摘　　要：以‘长单511’为研究对象,设定60000株∕hm^(2)、71250株∕hm^(2)、82500株∕hm^(2)、93750株∕hm^(2)和105000株∕hm^(2)五个密度梯度,对植株茎秆性状、力学特性和群体产量及产量构成因素进行测定。结果表明:随着种植密度的增加,植株基部向上D2—D6节间长度依次增加,直径依次减小;茎秆硬皮穿刺强度与压折强度均依次降低。增加种植密度显著降低了‘长单511’的成穗率与穗粒数,千粒重变化不显著。种植密度为93750株∕hm^(2)时产量最高,继续增加种植密度则群体倒伏风险加大。建议‘长单511’在本区域种植密度为93750株∕hm^(2)。The stem character,mechanical properties of culm,yield of population and components were measured under the density gradients of 60000 plants∕hm^(2),71250 plants∕hm^(2),82500 plants∕hm^(2),93750 plants∕hm^(2) and 105000 plants∕hm^(2) using the maize variety‘Changdan 511’.The results showed that the length of D2—D6 internodes in the base increased sequentially,and the diameter decreased in turn,the puncture strength and compressive strength of the stem decreased as well with the increase of planting density.Productive tiller percentage and grain number per panicle decreased significantly,1000-grain weight had no significant differences with the increase of planting density.Grain yield was the highest at the density of 93750 plants∕hm^(2),the risk of lodging will increase while the population density continues to increase,therefore,the upper limit of safe production density of‘Changdan 511’is 93750 plants∕hm^(2) under the cultivation condition of this region.

关 键 词：玉米 茎秆 密度 强度 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]