中国梨木虱关键发生期与气温关系研究  

Study on the relation between key occurrence periods of pear psylla and air temperature

作　　者：赵龙龙[1] 卫洁 刘朝红 胡增丽 张未仲[1] 马瑞燕[2] ZHAO Longlong;WEI Jie;LIU Zhaohong;HU Zengli;ZHANG Weizhong;MA Ruiyan(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030815,China;College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学果树研究所,晋中030815 [2]山西农业大学植物保护学院,晋中030801

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2021年第5期68-72,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211001-1);山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2018D2BH4;YCX2018302)。

摘　　要：以中国梨木虱发生特点的文献为数据源,探研中国梨木虱年发生代数、冬型梨木虱出蛰期和产卵峰期、夏型和冬型梨木虱转型期与发生纬度、气温变化的关系。结果表明:中国梨木虱分布于我国北纬25°—45°,其发生代数随纬度变化明显,最高为7代,最低为3代,每增加11个纬度,减少1代;与年平均温度呈显著正相关,年平均温度每增加1℃,年发生代数增加1.2代;冬型梨木虱的出蛰期和产卵峰期相距约1个月时间,均与二月份平均温度呈负相关,但不显著;冬型梨木虱的发生期主要受光周期影响。在当前气候模式下,梨木虱的年发生代数将增加,为害期延长并伴随转移寄主风险。The relation between annual generation number of pear psylla,the winter form pear psylla emergence period and oviposition peak period,the transition period of summer and winter form pear psylla and the latitude and annual temperature were explored using the literature of the occurrence characteristics of pear psylla in China.Results showed that the geographic distribution of pear psylla were large in 25°—45°N,and its generation number varied significantly with latitudes,with the highest being 7 generations and the lowest being 3 generations,while every increased of per 11 latitudes with reduced 1 generation,and the annual average temperature increased by 1℃,with the annual generation number increased by 1.2 generations.The emergence period occurred one month earlier than the peak oviposition period of winter form pear psylla,both of them were delayed with the increase of latitude,which were related to the average temperature in February,but had no significant difference.The appearance periods of winter form pear psylla were mainly conducted by the photoperiod.Under the current climate condition,the annual number of pear psylla generations will increase,the damage period will be prolonged,and accompanied by host transfer risk.

关 键 词：梨木虱 出蛰期 纬度 发生规律 

分 类 号：S436.612.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]