某部队医院无偿献血者HIV抗体筛查情况及确证试验回顾性分析  

HIV antibody screening and confirmative tests of voluntary blood donors in a hospital in Beijing:A retrospective analysis

作　　者：薛英娜[1] 张婷[1] 武月 秦园园[1] 孙莉萍[1] 孙桂香[1] XUE Yingna;ZHANG Ting;WU Yue;QIN Yuanyuan;SUN Liping;SUN Guixiang(Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine,The First Medical Center of PIA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第一医学中心输血医学科,北京100853

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2021年第9期1029-1031,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：解放军总医院医疗大数据研发项目(2018MBD-025)。

摘　　要：目的了解本院无偿献血者的HIV流行特征和规律,为制定有效的无偿献血应对策略提供帮助,降低经血传播疾病的发生,提高血液安全。方法对2010年1月~2019年12月本院的无偿献血者HIV感染情况和人群特征情况进行统计分析。结果2010~2019年无偿献血者人数共计33万人次。其中筛查出HIV感染者1024例,阳性率为0.31%。其中2016年检出率最高,为158人次(158/35889,0.44%),其次是2015年为151人次(151/37586,0.40%),2010年较低,为42人次(42/20824,0.20%)。各年间比较差异有统计学意义。1024例HIV感染者中男性876例,女性148例,男女性别比例接近6∶1,年龄以18~35岁为主。占86.13%。结论无偿献血人群中,HIV感染率近年来呈逐年上升趋势,各大采血机构应加强无偿献血者献血前的健康咨讯,严格进行HIV筛查,有针对性的选择献血者,建立稳定的献血队伍,有助于减少血液的报废率。Objective To retrospectively analyze the epidemiological characteristics and regularity of HIV among voluntary blood donors in our hospital,so as to provide help for the formulation of effective coping strategies for voluntary blood donation,reduce the incidence of blood transmitted diseases,and improve blood safety.Methods HIV infection and population characteristics of voluntary blood donors in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2019 were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 330000 blood donations occurred during 2010 to 2019,and 1024 HIV-infected blood donors were screened out,with a positive rate of 0.31%.The detection rate was the highest in 2016,with 158 cases infected(158/35889,0.44%),followed by 151 in 2015(151/37586,0.40%),and 42 in 2010(42/20824,0.20%).The difference was statistically significant(χ2=88.754,P<0.001).Among the 1024 HIV-infected patients,876 were males and 148 females,with a gender ratio close to 6∶1.The majority were aged between 18~35 years old,accounting for 86.13%.Conclusion The HIV infection rate among voluntary blood donors had been increasing year by year in recent years.Major blood centers should strengthen the health information before blood donation,carry out HIV screening strictly,select blood donors appropriately,establish a stable blood donation team,so as to reduce the discarding rate of blood.

关 键 词：抗-HIV 血液筛查 确证阳性 免疫印迹试验 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446[医药卫生—临床医学]