液体与固体比例对燃料-空气混合物爆炸特性和热效应的影响  

Influence of Liquid-to-solid Ratio on Explosion Characteristics and Thermal Effect of Fuel-air Mixtures

作　　者：王永旭 郑超[1] 张全孝[1] 李斌[2] 解立峰[2] WANG Yongxu;ZHENG Chao;ZHANG Quanxiao;LI Bin;XIE Lifeng(Ningbo Branch of Chinese Academy of Ordnance Science,Ningbo 315103,Zhejiang,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院,浙江宁波315103 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《兵工学报》2021年第S01期82-89,共8页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目(11802136)。

摘　　要：为分析不同比例液体与固体燃料云雾爆炸特性和热效应,采用爆炸驱动的方式将燃料分散在空气中形成无约束爆炸性混合物,利用二次起爆药柱引爆云雾。通过高速录像系统、压力测试系统以及红外热成像仪研究乙醚/铝粉/空气混合物的爆炸冲击波压力、火球表面温度、高温持续时间等参数。实验结果表明:乙醚与铝粉的质量比为1∶1时,爆炸火焰在云雾中的传播速度最快,形成的爆炸冲击波压力最高;与纯液体燃料相比,加入铝粉可以有效提高燃料云雾爆炸的热效应。该结果可以为化工爆炸事故的预防以及燃料空气炸药配方的选择提供参考依据。The explosion characteristics and thermal effect of fuel-air mixtures with different liquid-to-solid ratios are analyzed.The fuel is dispersed in the air to form an unconstrained explosive mixture by means of explosion driving,and then the fuel-air mixture is ignited by the secondary initiation charge.The explosion shock wave pressure,fireball surface temperature,high temperature duration of the ether-aluminum-air mixture were measured using high-speed video system,pressure testing system and infrared thermal imager.The experimental results show that the explosion flame propagates in the ether-aluminum-air mixture at the fastest speed,and the explosion shock wave pressure is the highest when the mass ratio of ether to aluminum powder is 1∶1.Compared with pure liquid fuel,aluminum powder can be added to effectively improve the thermal effect of fuel cloud explosion.The results obtained can provide references for the prevention of chemical explosion accidents and the selection of fuel-air explosive formulations.

关 键 词：燃料-空气混合物 液体与固体比例 爆炸特性 热效应 燃料分散 

分 类 号：O384[理学—流体力学] TJ55[理学—力学]