基于声学指纹分析的高压断路器机械故障诊断方法  

Mechanical Fault Diagnosis Method of High-voltage Circuit Breaker Based on Acoustic Fingerprint Analysis

作　　者：夏小飞 易林 饶夏锦 芦宇峰 苏毅 彭在兴 刘凯 XIA Xiaofei;YI Lin;RAO Xiajin;LU Yufeng;SU Yi;PENG Zaixing;LIU Kai(Electrie Power Research Institute of Cuangxi Power Grid Company,Nanning 530000,China;China Southem Power Grid Research Institute Co.,Lld,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,南宁530000 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广州510000

出　　处：《高压电器》2021年第10期66-76,共11页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：南网科技资助项目(SEPRI-K195038)。

摘　　要：断路器分合闸过程产生的声音信号中含有丰富的信息,文中提出一种基于声学指纹的高压断路器机械故障诊断方法。搭建了声学指纹故障模拟试验实验平台,对某252 kV高压断路器分合闸试验采集声音信号;然后分别基于短时能量、总能量、信息熵和小波包分解等方法分析声学指纹信号并提取特征量,克服了单一类型特征值难以区分故障的问题。结果表明:多种特征量联合分析可实现对高压断路器不同工况的有效辨识,得到了基于声学指纹的高压断路器不同工况机械故障相互区分判据表,并提供了分析示例;对相同工况下不同严重程度故障的特征量及趋势进行分析,发现匝间短路电阻90%的小波包分解的能量系数分别呈现正常与匝间短路特征。The acoustical signal generated during the opening and closing process of circuit breaker contains a variety of information.Therefore,a kind of mechanical fault diagnosis method of high voltage circuit breaker based on the acoustical fingerprint is proposed in this paper.First,an experimental platform for the test of acoustical fingerprint fault simulationis set up to collect acoustical signals in the opening and closing test of one 252 kV high-voltage circuit breaker.Then,the acoustical fingerprint signal is analyzed and the feature is extracted through such methods as short-term energy,total energy,information entropy and wavelet packet decomposition,which overcomes the problem that a single type of feature value is difficult to distinguish between faults.The results show that effective identification high voltage circuit breaker at different working conditions can be realized by combining multiple characteristic quantities,and a criterion table for distinguishing the mechanical faults of acoustical fingerprint-based high voltage circuit breaker at different working conditionsis givenand the analysis example is provided.The characteristic quantities and trends of faults of different severity under the same working conditions are analyzed,finding that the energy coefficientof the wavelet packet decomposition of 90%of inter-turn short-circuit resistance show normal and the interturn short-circuit characteristics,respectively.

关 键 词：断路器 声学指纹 小波包 能量 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]