农机具购置补贴、农机社会化服务与农民增收  

Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy,Agricultural Mechanization Service,and Farmers’Income

作　　者：杨义武 林万龙[2] YANG Yiwu;LIN Wanlong

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学财政与税务学院,南京201023 [2]中国农业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2021年第9期16-35,共20页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71873061);国家社会科学基金重大项目“建立解决相对贫困的长效机制研究”(编号:20ZDA073);2020年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(编号:2020SJA0267)。

摘　　要：农机具购置补贴作为我国农业补贴体系的重要组成部分,其补贴效果一直备受质疑。本文借助农村固定观察点微观数据和省级面板数据,运用倾向得分匹配与双重差分法(PSM+DID)、中介效应模型、可变弹性系数模型、工具变量面板分位数模型(IVQR)等方法,检验了农机具购置补贴影响农民增收的中间机制及效果。研究发现,农机具购置补贴促进了农民增收,受补贴农户收入明显高于未受补贴农户。随着时间的推移,补贴政策越完善,增收效应越明显。补贴对中高收入农民的增收效应明显,对低收入农民的增收效应不明显。农机社会化服务构成了农机具购置补贴促进农民增收的重要渠道。本文的研究结论为建立更精准高效的农机具购置补贴政策、实现小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接、促进农民持续增收具有重要启示意义。Agricultural machinery purchase subsidy plays an important part in China’s agricultural subsidy system, but its effect has always been questioned. Based on micro survey data of fixed observation in rural areas and provincial panel data, using propensity score matching and differences-in-differences method, mediating effect model, variable elasticity coefficient model and instrumental variables quantile model(IVQR) to test the income increasing effect of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy and its intermediate channel. The results showed that the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy increases farmers’ income, and the subsidized farmers’ income is higher than that of the unsubsidized. The more perfect the subsidy policy, the more obvious the effect of the subsidy on increasing farmers’ income. The effect of the subsidy on farmers’ income in the middle-high income group is positive, and the effect of the subsidy on a low-income group of farmers is not obvious. The test result of the mediating mechanism showed that the agricultural mechanization service plays an important channel for agricultural machinery purchase subsidy increase farmers’ income. The conclusions of this research are of great inspiration for establishing more precise and efficient agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policies, "realizing the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development" and promoting the continuous increase of farmers’ income.

关 键 词：农机具购置补贴 农机社会化服务 农民增收 异质性 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济] F812.8F323.8