狂犬病疫苗接种人群中狂犬病病毒中和抗体水平分析  

Analysis of rabies virus neutralizing antibody levels among vaccination inoculators

作　　者：张磊[1] 张玲 张天喜 苏克文 谈思维 邵吉[1] 叶海朋[1] 曹承建[1] 黄春萍[2] ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Ling;ZHANG Tian-xi;SU Ke-wen;TAN Si-wei;SHAO Ji;YE Hai-peng;CAO Cheng-jian;HUANG Chun-ping(Hangzhou Hospital for he Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease,Hangzhou 310014,China;Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市职业病防治院,杭州310014 [2]杭州市疾病预防控制中心,杭州310021

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2021年第10期898-902,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

摘　　要：目的通过分析狂犬病疫苗接种人群中狂犬病病毒RABV中和抗体特征,为狂犬病防控提供依据。方法收集2019-2020年杭州市职业病防治院犬伤后暴露预防接种门诊抗体检测者信息,经筛选后确定157例RABV中和抗体检测者作为研究对象,采用快速荧光灶抑制试验检测狂犬病毒中和抗体,利用横断面研究方法对狂犬病毒中和抗体水平进行人群特征分析。结果研究对象中,初种者98人,复种者59人,复种者中2-1-1程序比5针法产生的抗体水平更高,其余特征均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。除1例初种者中和抗体效价低于0.5 IU/mL,其余检测者中和抗体效价均高于0.5 IU/mL。狂犬病毒中和抗体水平时间趋势分析显示,狂犬病毒中和抗体水平与时间呈负相关,回归方程为(F=4.974,P=0.031),标准化回归系数为-0.322(t=-2.230,P=0.031)。结论复种者狂犬病毒中和抗体水平与免疫程序有关,2-1-1程序对人体再次免疫应答的效果优于5针法。接种疫苗2年后部分个体出现失保护状态,再次暴露有必要全程接种狂犬病疫苗。This study aimed to analyze the rabies virus neutralizing antibody characteristics of vaccination inoculators,to provide a basis for the prevention and control of rabies.Data on outpatient vaccination exposure in Hangzhou hospital were collected for the prevention and treatment of occupational disease in 2019-2020.Antibody testing information was obtained after 157 neutralizing antibody cases were screened by using rapid fluorescent focus inhibition tests(RFFIT),and a cross-sectional study method was used analysis of the rabies virus neutralization antibody levels among vaccination inoculators.A total of 98 primary inoculators and 59 revaccination inoculators were examined.Multiple cropping in the 2-1-1 program antibody levels higher than 5 stitches,the rest of the features were no statistical difference(P>0.05).Except for one primary inoculator whose neutralizing antibody titer was below 0.5 IU/ml,the other neutralizing antibody titer detection results exceeded 0.5 IU/ml.Time trend analysis showed a negative correlation of rabies virus neutralizing antibody levels with time,with a regression equation(F=4.974,P=0.031);the standardized regression coefficient was 0.322(t=2.230,P=0.031).The rabies virus neutralizing antibody level was associated with the immunization program in revaccination inoculators,and the 2-1-1 program again performed better than five stitches.Some vaccination inoculators may lose immune protection after 2 years,thus indicating that the entire rabies vaccine program is necessary once again exposed.

关 键 词：狂犬病 中和抗体 快速荧光灶抑制试验 人群特征 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]