不同早熟龙眼品种(系)果实生长发育和品质变化规律比较  

Comparison of Change Rules of Fruit Growth and Quality of Different Early Season Longan Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：彭杰椿 何嘉楠 吴玉 邓英毅[1] 潘介春[1] 徐炯志[1] PENG Jiechun;HE Jianan;WU Yu;DENG Yingyi;PAN Jiechun;XU Jiongzhi(Collage of Agronomy,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第9期2563-2570,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业技术体系资助项目(No.CARS-32-09);国家现代农业产业技术体系广西荔枝龙眼创新团队(No.nycytxgxcxtd-02);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204097-9)。

摘　　要：本文以‘桂丰早’‘桂冠早’‘桂龙1号’‘古山2号’‘石硖’5个早熟品种(系)为材料,研究不同品种(品系)果实生长发育和品质变化规律。结果表明:在果实发育过程中,5个早熟龙眼品种(系)的横纵径、单果重、可食率、色差a^(*)和c^(*)值均呈上升或波动上升;色差L^(*)和b^(*)值呈快速上升后缓慢波动;可溶性固形物含量和大多数品种的维生素C呈先快速上升后缓慢下降;色差hº值和大多数品种的可滴定酸呈逐渐下降或波动下降;可溶性糖在成熟前是逐渐上升的,到后期则波动变化;可溶性蛋白呈“M”或“W”型波动;‘桂丰早’和‘桂冠早’比‘石硖’提前1周进入成熟期;‘桂龙1号’的退糖最慢;‘桂丰早’的横径、单果重及可溶性蛋白质含量最大,‘桂冠早’的纵径最大,‘桂龙1号’的可溶性固形物含量、维生素C和可溶性糖含量最高而可滴定酸含量最低,‘石硖’的可食率最高;综合评价成熟期的果实品质,则‘桂丰早’最佳,其次是‘石硖’,最后是‘桂龙1号’‘古山2号’和‘桂冠早’。In this study,five early season longan varieties(lines)of‘Guifengzao’‘Guiguanzao’‘Guilong No.1’‘Gushan No.2’and‘Shixia’were taken as study materials to study the change rules of their fruit growth and quality.During fruit development,the transverse and longitudinal diameter,single fruit weight,edible rate,a^(*)and c^(*)values of color difference of the five early season longan varieties(lines)increased or fluctuated.Color difference L^(*)and b^(*)values increased rapidly and then slowly fluctuated.Soluble solids and vitamin c of most varieties increased rapidly and then decreased slowly.h° value of color difference and titratable acid of most varieties decreased gradually or fluctuated.Soluble sugar increased gradually before ripening and fluctuated in the later stage.Soluble protein fluctuated in the form of“M”or“W”.‘Guifengzao’and‘Guiguanzao’entered the mature stage one week earlier than‘Shixia’.‘Guilong No.1’had the slowest sugar withdrawal.‘Guifengzao’had the largest transverse diameter,single fruit weight and soluble protein.‘Guiguanzao’had the largest longitudinal diameter.‘Guilong No.1’had the highest soluble solids,vitamin C and soluble sugar contents and the lowest titratable acid content.‘Shixia’had the highest edible rate.Comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality at mature stage,‘Guifengzao’was the best,followed by‘Shixia’‘Guilong No.1’,‘Gushan No.2’and‘Guiguanzao’.

关 键 词：龙眼 早熟品种(系) 果实发育 果实品质 变化规律 

分 类 号：S667.2[农业科学—果树学]