廊坊经济技术开发区冬季PM_(2.5)化学组成特征及来源分析  

Chemical composition and source analysis of PM_(2.5) in winter in Langfang Economic and Technological Development Zone

作　　者：张敬巧[1] 罗达通 方小云 王涵[1] 王少博 刘锐泽 王淑兰[1] ZHANG Jingqiao;LUO Datong;FANG Xiaoyun;WANG Han;WANG Shaobo;LIU Ruize;WANG Shulan(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Changsha Hunan 410000;Ao Lai Guo Xin(Beijing)Testing&Detection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101399)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]湖南省环境保护科学研究院,湖南长沙410000 [3]奥来国信(北京)检测技术有限责任公司,北京101399

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第10期1297-1303,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：总理基金项目(No.DQGG0304)。

摘　　要：于2018年1月5日至2月5日在廊坊经济技术开发区(以下简称开发区)开展PM_(2.5)样品采集,基于化学组分数据分析了PM_(2.5)污染特征,使用正矩阵因子分析(PMF)模型和混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹(HYSPLIT)模型分析其来源。结果表明,廊坊开发区冬季PM_(2.5)平均质量浓度为52.4μg/m^(3),最高值达到180.5μg/m^(3);NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和NH_(4)^(+)为廊坊开发区冬季PM_(2.5)中的主要离子组分,平均值分别为5.7、3.3、3.2μg/m^(3),三者占到水溶性离子的73.5%(质量分数);OC和EC平均值分别为14.9、3.7μg/m^(3),两者相关性较好,表明两者有共同的来源;无机元素中Al、Si、Mg、Cr、K、Ca等地壳元素浓度较高,As、Cd、Hg、Cr、Sb的富集因子高于1000,受到人为源影响较大。随着PM_(2.5)浓度升高,二次无机离子(NH_(4)^(+)、SO_(4)^(2-)、NO_(3)^(-))占PM_(2.5)比例上升明显,而有机物和地壳物质占比有所下降,表明PM_(2.5)浓度升高时受二次无机转化影响较大;PMF模型结果显示,二次无机源、机动车源、燃煤源和二次有机气溶胶是廊坊开发区冬季PM_(2.5)的主要来源。PM_(2.5)samples were collected from January 5th to February 5th 2018,in Langfang Economic and Technological Development Zone(Development Zone for short).PM_(2.5)characteristics were analyzed based on chemical composition data,and the PMF and HYSPLIT model were used to analyzed the source of PM_(2.5).The results showed the mean concentration of PM_(2.5)was 52.4μg/m^(3) during sampling period,and the max concentration was 180.5μg/m^(3).NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-) and NH_(4)^(+) were the main ions,which were 5.7,3.3 and 3.2μg/m^(3) in average,accounting for 73.5%(mass fraction)of water-soluble ion in total.The mean concentrations of OC and EC were 14.9 and 3.7μg/m^(3),respectively,which showed a good correlation and indicating that they had a common source.Concentrations of crustal elements such as Al,Si,Mg,Cr,K and Ca were relatively high,enrichment factor of As,Cd,Hg,Cr and Sb were higher than 1000,indicating PM_(2.5)greatly affected by human sources.As PM_(2.5)concentration increased,the ratio of secondary inorganic salt(NH_(4)^(+),SO_(4)^(2-),NO_(3)^(-))also increased,while the ratio of organic matter and crust material both decreased,which showed that secondary inorganic conversion was the main cause of PM_(2.5)pollution increase.The PMF model showed that secondary inorganic sources,vehicle exhaust sources,coal combustion sources and secondary organic aerosol were the main sources of PM_(2.5)in winter in Langfang Development Zone.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 化学组分 二次转化 来源解析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]