基于主成分分析小豆种质资源的农艺性状评价与应用  

Agronomic Trait Evaluation and Application of Adzuki Bean Germplasm Resource Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：葛平珍 余娟 何友勋 赵龙 余莉 张时龙 GE Pingzhen;YU Juan;HE Youxun;ZHAO Long;YU Li;ZHANG Shilong(Bijie Institute of Agricultural Science,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市农业科学研究所,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第9期1-7,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部项目“国家现代农业产业技术体系——食用豆”(CARS-08-Z17);贵州省特色杂粮现代农业产业技术体系食用豆育种岗位项目(GZTSZLCYTX2021-02);贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目“贵州省食用豆工程技术研究中心”[黔科合平台人才(2018)5254];贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项资金项目“毕节市特色杂粮产业科研创新能力建设”[黔科合服企(2019)4012]。

摘　　要：【目的】对小豆种质资源的农艺性状进行综合评价,筛选农艺性状较好的小豆种质材料,为小豆遗传育种提供优良种质资源。【方法】以24份小豆种质为材料,记录并测定生育期、株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝、单株荚数、荚长、单荚粒数、百粒重、单株粒重等9个农艺性状,运用描述性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析对所得农艺性状结果进行综合评价。【结果】在9个农艺性状中,株高变异系数最大(23.38%),生育期变异系数最小(1.56%)。单株产量与株高、主茎节数、主茎分枝、单株荚数、荚长、百粒重呈极显著正相关。通过降维将9个农艺性状综合成4个主成分,累计贡献率为89.43%,4个主成分是生长因子(47.76%)、产量因子(20.11%)、荚长因子(11.48%)、生育期因子(10.08%);苏小豆1706、THM2011-28、保红201219-1、渝红豆4号、0921反-1-4-2-3-1在综合主成分得分居前5位。【结论】苏小豆1706、THM2011-28、保红201219-1、渝红豆4号、0921反-1-4-2-3-1综合农艺性状表现良好,可将其作为推广示范品种,同时可作为乌蒙山区小豆育种的优质种质资源加以利用。【Objective】The agronomic traits of adzuki bean germplasm resource are evaluated comprehensively and the adzuki bean germplasm materials with better agronomic traits are screened to provide the excellent germplasm resource for the genetic breeding of adzuki bean.【Method】24 adzuki bean germplasm are used as materials to record and determine the nine agronomic traits of growth period,plant height,main stem node number,main stem branch,pod number per plant,pod length,grain number per pod,100-grain weight and grain weight per plant,and the agronomic traits results are evaluated comprehensively by using descriptive analysis,correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Result】Among the nine agronomic traits,the variation coefficient of plant height is the maximum(23.38%),while the variation coefficient of growth period is the minimum(1.56%).The yield per plant is positively and very significantly correlated with plant height,main stem node number,main stem branch,pod number per plant,pod length and 100-seed weight.Nine agronomic traits are integrated into four principal components through reducing dimension,and the accumulative contribution rate is 89.43%.Four principal components are growth factor(47.76%),yield factor(20.11%),pod length factor(11.48%)and growth period factor(10.08%).Suxiaodou 1706,THM2011-28,Baohong 201219-1,Yuhongdou 4 and 0921 fan-1-4-2-3-1 rank the top five in comprehensive principal component score.【Conclusion】Suxiaodou 1706,THM2011-28,Baohong 201219-1,Yuhongdou 4 and 0921 fan-1-4-2-3-1 have better comprehensive agronomic traits,which can be used as the popularized and demonstrated varieties.At the same time,they can be used as excellent germplasm resource for the breeding of adzuki bean in Wumeng Mountain areas.

关 键 词：小豆 种质资源 农艺性状 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S521[农业科学—作物学]