玉米秸秆干发酵产沼气的影响因子优化  

Optimization of Influencing Factors for Biogas Production by Dry Fermentation of Corn Straw

作　　者：李金怀[1] 蒲小东 魏世清[1] 叶勇卫[1] 黄凌志[1] 李勇[1] LI Jinhuai;PU Xiaodong;WEI Shiqing;YE Yongwei;HUANG Linzhi;LI Yong(Guangxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530002;Biogas Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chendu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002 [2]农业农村部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第9期130-136,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目“林地生态沼肥水肥一体化技术推广示范”[(2018)TG 21]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同因子对秸秆干发酵产沼气的影响,为农作物秸秆沼气干发酵工程实施提供参考。【方法】以玉米秸秆为发酵原料,采用正交试验研究接种物比例、碳氮比和料液pH 3个因子对玉米秸秆干发酵产沼气的影响,并在此基础上研究不同形状(短秆状、细丝状、粉末状)玉米秸秆干发酵的产气量特性及甲烷含量。【结果】接种物比例对干发酵启动及整个厌氧反应的影响显著,原料接种物比例为30%,碳氮比为20∶1,pH 7.0的工艺参数组合产沼气较优,总产气26100 mL、日均产气量为900 mL,池容产气率为0.18 mL/(mL·d);细丝状玉米秸秆日均产气量最高,沼气甲烷含量高且稳定,日均产气量为2121 mL。【结论】接种物比例对干发酵启动及整个厌氧反应的影响显著,将玉米秸秆粉碎为细丝状更有利于提高干发酵累积产沼气量。【Objective】The effect of different influencing fermentation factors on biogas production by dry fermentation of crop straws is studied to provide a reference for implementation of crop straw biogas engineering under the dry fermentation condition.【Method】The effect of three influencing fermentation factors(inoculum proportion,C/N ration and liquid pH)on biogas production of corn straw under the dry fermentation condition is studied by an orthogonal design and the gas production characteristics and methane content of corn straw with different shapes(short rod,filament and powder)under the dry fermentation condition are discussed.【Result】The inoculum proportion has the significant effects on start-up of dry fermentation and the whole anaerobic reaction.Total biogas output,average daily biogas output and volume biogas productivity of corn straw under the dry fermentation condition by using the optimal technological parameters(30%inoculum proportion,C/N ratio=20∶1 and pH 7.0)are 26100 mL,900 mL and 0.18 mL/(mL·d)respectively.The average daily biogas production of corn straw with filament shape can reach 2121 mL under the dry fermentation condition and the methane content of the biogas is the highest and stable.【Conclusion】The inoculum proportion has the significant effects on start-up of dry fermentation and the whole anaerobic reaction.The filament corn straw can improve accumulative biogas production of corn straw under the dry fermentation condition.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 干发酵 沼气 影响因子 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]