上海市某区HIV/AIDS病人抗病毒治疗相关知识知晓情况及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of antiretroviral therapy related knowledge and its influencing factor among HIV/AIDS patients in a certain District,Shanghai

作　　者：尹宁[1] 夏庆华[1] 王震宇[1] 倪莹青[1] 顾佳玲 YIN Ning;XIA Qing-hua;WANG Zhen-yu;NI Ying-qing;GU Jia-ling(Changning Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shanghai 200051,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市长宁区疾病预防控制中心,上海200051

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2021年第9期810-814,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：上海市长宁区科学技术委员会项目(CNKW2017Y21)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市某区新报告的HIV/AIDS患者艾滋病抗病毒治疗相关知识掌握情况及其影响因素。方法以横断面调查方式对2018年3月至2019年6月上海市某区所有新报告的非外籍、非港澳台地区HIV病毒确认阳性患者进行问卷调查,并对其抗病毒治疗相关问题回答情况评分。对数据进行描述性分析、χ^(2)检验,并用Logistic回归分析影响HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗相关知识水平的相关因素。结果共有195名HIV/AIDS患者完成调查,其中女性5人,男性190人;平均年龄(32.20±10.35)岁;29.74%为本市户籍者;69.23%调查对象文化程度为大专及以上。所有研究对象均为性传播感染且绝大多数(90.26%)为同性性行为感染;73.33%的调查对象发现时无不适主诉;调查对象发现时平均CD4为(282.80±151.25)/mm 3。调查对象抗病毒相关知识总知晓率为52.82%;调查对象中有75.38%不知道哪里可以进行抗病毒治疗,64.62%不清楚国家有关艾滋病患者免费抗病毒的相关政策;通过Logistic回归分析发现,相对于文化程度为高中及以下者,大专及以上学历者艾滋病抗病毒相关知识知晓率更高,OR值为7.813(95%CI:3.311~18.519);主动发现者和既往接受过HIV抗体检测者知晓率更高,OR值分别为2.786(95%CI:1.305~5.917)和2.770(95%CI:1.295~5.917)。进一步研究显示,抗病毒治疗知识知晓组的患者中拥有正面心理状态的比例较高(P<0.01);愿意接受长期医学随访的比例也较高(P<0.05)。结论HIV病毒确认阳性患者中在抗病毒治疗相关知识方面仍存在一定漏洞,并且抗病毒治疗相关知识程度对HIV/AIDS病人建立治疗信念,维持较好的心理状态及提高随访配合意愿均存在重要影响。今后应重视加强对HIV/AIDS患者开展抗病毒治疗相关知识宣教,提高其治疗随访依从性,提升生活质量。Objective Explore the HIV antiretroviral therapy(ART)related knowledge of the HIV/AIDS patients in certain District,Shanghai and its effect factors.Methods A cross-section survey was conducted on all newly reported non foreign,non Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan HIV positive patients in a district of Shanghai from March 2018 to June 2019.After scored their ART related knowledge,descriptive analysis,χ^(2) test,and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the related factors affecting the knowledge level of ART in HIV/AIDS patients.Results 195 HIV/AIDS patients in total completed the survey,among them,5 were female and 195 were male;the average age was(32.20±10.35)years;29.74%was registered residence in this city;69.23%of the respondents had college education or above.All subjects were sexually transmitted infections,and the vast majority(90.26%)were homosexual sexual infections;73.33%of the respondents had no complaints of discomfort;The average CD4 was(282.80±151.25)/mm 3.The total awareness rate of antiviral knowledge was 52.82%;75.38%of the respondents did not know where antiviral treatment could be carried out,and 64.62%did not know the state's policy on free antiretroviral drugs for AIDS patients.The Logistic regression analysis showed that the awareness rate of ART knowledge among higher education group was higher than that of lower education group,the OR value was 7.813(95%CI:3.311-18.519).The awareness rates of active discoverers and those who had previously received HIV test were higher,and the OR values were 2.786(95%CI:1.305-5.917)and 2.770(95%CI:1.295-5.917),respectively.Further study showed that the proportion of patients with positive mental state in the group with knowledge of antiviral treatment was higher(P<0.01);The proportion of willing to accept long-term medical follow-up was also high(P<0.05).Conclusion There are still some blind spot in the knowledge of ART among HIV-positive patients,and the knowledge of ART has an important influence on the establishment of treatment belief,maintenan

关 键 词：HIV/AIDS 艾滋病抗病毒治疗知识 健康教育 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]