变应性鼻炎的神经免疫调节机制  被引量:22

Neuroimmunomodulation in allergic rhinitis

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作  者:蔡诗茹 娄鸿飞[1] CAI Shiru;LOU Hongfei

机构地区:[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京100730

出  处:《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2021年第9期859-864,共6页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

基  金:国家自然科学基金重点项目(No:81630023);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No:81970850,81870698,81470678);国家自然科学基金青年项目(No:81400444);北京市科技计划课题(No:Z181100001618002);北京市东城区优秀人才(No:2020-dchrcpyzz-31)。

摘  要:变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是一种由特应性个体接触了变应原后在鼻黏膜发生的主要由特异性免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)介导的非感染性炎症,可引发阵发性打喷嚏、流清涕、鼻塞和鼻痒等症状。AR已然成为一个全球性的健康问题,常常导致患者生活质量的严重下降。Yorganciolu等(2008)的流行病学研究表明,在过去的几十年里,AR的患病率在全球范围内逐渐上升,影响到高达40%的人口。The role of neuroimmunomodulation in allergic diseases is a research hotspot in recent years.Allergic rhinitis(AR)is caused by overactive immune response to a foreign antigen in nasal mucosa.Immune cells release inflammatory mediators(including histamine,cytokines and neurotrophins),which directly activate peripheral neurons to mediate nasal congestion,itching,sneezing,and other hyperresponsive symptoms.Upon activation,these peripheral neurons release neurotransmitters(including acetylcholine and norepinephrine)and neuropeptides(including calcitonin gene-related peptide,substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide)that directly act on immune cells to drive allergic inflammation.Neuro-immune signaling may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of AR.Therefore,a better understanding of these cellular and molecular neuro-immune interactions may inspire the discovery of new targets and novel therapies.

关 键 词:鼻炎 变应性 神经免疫调节 神经肽类 鼻高反应性 

分 类 号:R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]

 

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