宋朝腹地“郡县无城”与“小城大市”现象研究  

Wall-less Prefectures and Blocks Outstripping Walled Downtown in Northern Song’s Hinterland

作　　者：来亚文 LAI Ya-wen

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院,315211

出　　处：《史林》2021年第4期173-186,222,共15页Historical Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“南宋至清代江南城市区划的复原与研究”(批准号:21YJC770013);浙江省人文社会科学规划青年项目“宁波、舟山12—19世纪港口城镇空间形态的复原与研究”(批准号:21NDQN228YB);宁波大学人文社会科学培育项目(422005692)研究成果。

摘　　要：通过梳理宋初南方毁城事件的始末,以及考察朝廷对腹地与边地修筑城池的态度,可以发现宋朝重视边地州级城市及军事城堡的修筑,腹地则优先修建帅府、望郡及治安较差地区的城墙,县级城市普遍不建外城。从宋代传世文献记载中州县城墙规模总体南小北大,以及子城数量南多于北的差异来看,宋朝以南方为主的腹地州县,虽大多不建外城,但普遍建有子城,街区在子城之外。这一现象由南方土质决定,修建砖城的耗费之大决定了南方"小城大市"的形态在宋代乃至整个中古时期都是一种常见的城市景观。The present paper contends that it was not uncommon to see that there were many wall-less cities at the level of county or prefecture and meanwhile it is textually proven that the scale of city wall of counties and prefectures in the South was larger than that of the North and the number of sub-downtowns of the southern county and prefecture outnumbered their northern counterparts. The reason of this phenomenon may lie in the geographic conditions of the South.

关 键 词：宋代 城市史 南方 城墙 子城 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]