新中国成立初期长江治理的起步——以荆江分洪工程为中心  

The Beginning of the Yangtze River Governance in the Early Period of the Founding of New China--Taking Jingjiang Flood Diversion Project as the Center

作　　者：冯兵兵 Feng Bingbing

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学马克思主义学院,430079

出　　处：《当代中国史研究》2021年第5期70-83,152,153,共16页Contemporary China History Studies

摘　　要：长江在历史上频繁出现洪涝灾害,对人民生命财产造成严重威胁。新中国成立以后,党和政府做出了兴建荆江分洪工程的战略决策。人民政府通过建立健全各级组织机构加强统一领导、妥善处理分洪区移民安置工作、开展群众性的爱国劳动竞赛运动、加强思想政治动员和宣传教育、动员人民解放军发挥主力军作用、吸收苏联专家先进技术和苏联经验等措施,克服了巨大困难使分洪工程提前竣工,保卫了湖北、湖南平原地区人民的生命财产安全,极大地降低了1954年长江特大洪水的破坏力,充分彰显出我国“集中力量办大事”的制度优势,增强了荆江两岸人民对中国共产党和人民政府的认同感。The floods occurred frequently in the history of the Yangtze River,which posed a serious threat to people's lives and property.After the founding of New China,the Party and the State made a strategic decision to build the Jingjiang flood diversion project.At that time,the completion of project ahead of schedule was ensured by establishing and improving organizations at all levels to strengthen the unified leadership,properly handling the resettlement work in the flood diversion area,carrying out the mass patriotic labor competition,strengthening the ideological and political mobilization and publicity and education,mobilizing the PLA to play the role of the main force,and absorbing the advanced technology and experience from the Soviet experts.The Jingjiang flood diversion project has safeguarded the lives and properties of the people in the plain areas of Hubei and Hunan,and has greatly reduced the destructive power of the 1954 Yangtze River flood.It fully demonstrated the superiority of China's political system of"concentrating on major affairs",and enhanced the trust of the people on both sides of the Jingjiang in the Communist Party of China and their sense of identity with the people's government.

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 水灾 长江治理 荆江分洪工程 治水 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学] TV8[历史地理—中国史]