中国特色社会主义道路对巴西共产党的影响  

The Influence of Socialism with Chinese Characteristic on the Communist Party of Brazil

作　　者： 何露杨(翻译) 周志伟(校对) 贺钦(校对) Gaio Doria

机构地区：[1]UFF金砖国家研究中心 [2]不详

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2021年第3期77-85,156,共10页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：巴西共产党和中国共产党是20世纪初苏联革命事业的继承者,享有共同的意识形态。中国共产党和中国特色社会主义道路对国际共产主义运动,特别是巴共产生了重要的意识形态影响。本文旨在探究20世纪下半叶至21世纪初中国特色社会主义道路对巴共的意识形态影响。文章以中巴两国不同的发展现状为出发点,梳理了自中华人民共和国成立以来中国共产党对拉丁美洲及第三世界国家的关注与支持。中国革命对巴西共产党的历史影响体现在革命统一战线的示范效应、社会主义探索经验和中国共产党的模范作用。中苏论战时期,巴共内部产生了分歧与斗争,重组后的巴共成为第一个在中苏分裂中站队的共产党。1964年,巴西爆发军事政变后,中国革命和毛泽东思想对巴共政治斗争战略的调整及游击队组建产生了重要影响。苏联解体后,巴共与中国共产党重新建立了联系,并从中国特色社会主义道路中不断汲取经验。中国共产党和中国特色社会主义道路对巴共的意识形态影响主要基于国际共产主义运动的历史变迁和中国特色社会主义道路的成功经验。Both the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) and the Communist Party of China (CPC) are heirs of the revolutionary enterprise of the Soviet Revolution in the early 20th century and therefore share the same ideology. The ideological influence of CPC and Chinese socialism is consolidated in the international communist movement,particularly in PCdoB. This article aims to identify the ideological influences of Chinese socialism on PCdoB throughout the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. It analyzes the initial impacts of China’s successful socialist revolution on PCdoB,highlighting the role of broad front politics,the model of Chinese socialism and the value of CPC’s experience for PCdoB,as well as the split within PCdoB itself in the context of the Sino-Soviet split. The article points out the influences of Mao Zedong Thought in his strategic perspective for the political struggle in Brazil and in the structuring of PCdoB Guerrilla after the 1964 military coup,and then illustrates the rapprochement between PCdoB and CPC after the downfall of USSR. This article concludes that the ideological influence of CPC and Chinese socialism on PCdoB was largely due to the setbacks suffered by the international communist movement itself as well as to the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：中国特色社会主义 巴西共产党 毛泽东思想 中国模式 

分 类 号：D377.7[政治法律—政治学]