碳中和目标对煤炭工业可持续发展影响路径评估  

Impacts assessment of carbon neutral target on sustainable development of coal mining industry

作　　者：王兵 葛皓天 邓凯磊 李璐[1] 李沚昊 Wang Bing;Ge Haotian;Deng Kailei;Li Lu;Li Zhihao(Center for Sustainable Development and Energy Policy,School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院可持续发展与能源政策研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭经济研究》2021年第7期27-33,共7页Coal Economic Research

摘　　要：煤炭作为保障我国能源供应的基础能源,在能源体系中占较大比例。碳达峰碳中和目标的提出将对煤矿开采业形成巨大的挑战,研究其影响路径有助于制定相应政策,实现煤炭开采业可持续发展。从宏观层面剖析低碳转型导向下煤炭行业的低碳化发展道路,主要包括国家工业体系重构、低碳能源政策与能源结构调整、低碳科技创新与节能技术推广等影响路径;从中观层面揭示碳中和目标下煤炭消费需求的变化趋势,主要覆盖煤炭下游的四大主要消费行业与散烧煤等影响路径;从微观层面研究碳达峰碳中和目标对于煤炭行业从业者、煤炭企业的影响。研究结果表明:从近期来看,煤炭开采业需加速淘汰落后产能,在满足能源需求的情况下更好地优化产能布局,提高煤炭清洁利用率。从远期来看,煤炭行业将从全产业链进行节能减排和碳资产综合管理,推动产业链条的优化升级,形成煤炭+CCUS的碳闭环系统。随着深度去产能的不断推进,煤炭开采面临智能化升级,普通工人急剧减少,科技人才缺口增大,需加快完善保障体系来安置煤炭企业人员,建立煤炭智能化、信息化、低碳绿色化人才培养体系。As the basic energy to ensure energy supply, coal accounts for a large proportion in the energy mix. The goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization will pose a huge challenge to the coal mining industry. Study on the influence path will be helpful to formulate corresponding policies to achieve sustainable development of coal industry. From the macro level, through the analysis of the national economic development and industrial restructuring, energy policy and energy structure adjustment, technological low-carbon innovation,and energy-saving technology promotion, it is found that with the continuous advancement of low-carbon transformation, the coal industry needs to actively adjust towards a low-carbon development path with Chinese characteristics. From the meso-perspective analysis of the four major coal consumption industries and the bulk coal consumption, it reveals that the domestic coal consumption demand will be greatly reduced in the future and carbon asset management from the whole industrial chain is significant. The coal industry needs to speed up the elimination of backward production capacity, optimize the layout of production capacity to meet the energy demand, and improve clean coal utilization rate. From the micro aspects of coal industry practitioners and coal enterprises, the number of ordinary workers will decrease sharply, and there is a large requirement of scientific and technological talents in this field. This fact has asked the efficient mechanism to relocate the personnel placement, and required to establish a talent training system to achieve the intelligent, informative, and low-carbon coal mining.

关 键 词：碳中和 煤炭开采业 可持续发展 影响路径 

分 类 号：F203[经济管理—国民经济] F416.21