西藏农业现代化对城镇化发展的作用机制研究  

The influencing mechanism of Tibetan agricultural modernization on its urbanization

作　　者：白克拉木·孜克利亚 刘松 余波 周春山[2] Bahram ZIKRYA;LIU Song;YU Bo;ZHOU Chun-shan(College of Tourism,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830049,China;School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510275,China;Tibet Branch,China Development Bank,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830049 [2]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510275 [3]国家开发银行西藏自治区分行,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2021年第5期795-804,共10页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BRK010)。

摘　　要：农业现代化提高了农业生产力水平,进而扩大农业对城市发展的贡献,推动城市化进程。根据农业对城市化发展的贡献,本文构建农业生产力水平、农业产出水平、农业产业化水平、农业经济结构、农村社会发展水平和农业生态环境发展水平6个维度的农业现代化评价指标体系,分析1990—2019年间西藏农业现代化发展和城镇化发展水平,探讨农业现代化对城镇化发展的作用机制。结果表明,西藏农业现代化水平由1990年的1.22上升至2019年的17.65;与此同时,西藏城镇化水平从1990年的16.36提升至2019年的31.54。西藏农业现代化对城镇化发展起显著的正向作用,其作用机制是通过提升农业贡献和改变城乡推拉力实现的;西藏农业现代化各维度对城镇化发展的作用效果不一致,该异质性根源于农业贡献对城镇化作用的社会发展阶段差异。因此,为了进一步提升西藏农业现代化水平,强化农业贡献对城镇化发展的作用,本文建议加强西藏农业现代化方面的援藏投入,深化农业机械化普及以提升西藏农业生产力水平和农业产出水平,发展西藏特色农牧产品加工业以提升西藏农业产业化水平,活跃农村商品市场、扩大农牧民增收以提升西藏农村社会发展水平。Agricultural modernization improved agricultural productivity,which increased agricultural contributions to urban development and promoted the urbanization.This paper constructed an index,which includes six dimensions of agricultural productivity level,agricultural output level,agricultural industrialization level,agricultural economic structure,rural social development level,and agricultural eco-environmental development level to evaluate the agricultural modernization level in Tibet Automatous Region and analyzed the influencing mechanism of Tibetan agricultural modernization on its urbanization during 1990-2019.Results show that:1)the agricultural modernization level in Tibet increased significantly from 1.22 in 1990 to 17.65 in 2019 and the urbanization rate increased from 16.36 in 1990 to 31.54 in 2019;2)Tibetan agricultural modernization played significant and positive roles in the development of urbanization,and it worked by increasing the contributions of agriculture to urban development and by changing the push-pull forces of urban and rural areas;and 3)the effects of the six dimensions of Tibetan agricultural modernization on the development of urbanization were inconsistent.Such heterogeneity was rooted in the differences of the social development stages in the contributions of agriculture to urbanization.To further increase agricultural modernization level and to strengthen the effects of agricultural contributions on urbanization in Tibet,this paper provides the following suggestions:providing more investiment support for agricultural mechanization to enhance agricultural productivity level and agricultural output level,constructing agriculturial processing industries to enhance agricultural industrialization level,and motivating rural commodity market to increase rural income and living standard in Tibet.

关 键 词：城镇化 农业现代化 农业贡献 作用机制 西藏 

分 类 号：F320[经济管理—产业经济]