家庭农场与农业企业利益联结机制综合评价研究  

The comprehensive evaluation of the benefit linkage mechanism between family farms and agricultural enterprises

作　　者：兰勇[1,2] 周艺珮 蒋黾 LAN Yong;ZHOU Yi-pei;JIANG Min(Business College,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Rural Development Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Science,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学商学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2021年第5期805-814,共10页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BJY093)。

摘　　要：构建长期稳定的利益联结机制,是实现农业产业化的必然趋势,也是促进农民增收的重要途径。本文以湖南省家庭农场为研究对象,从制度效益、治理水平和成长能力等三个维度构建利益联结机制有效性的评价指标体系,运用熵权TOPSIS模型和障碍因子诊断模型,分析比较不同模式下家庭农场与农业企业利益联结机制的有效性,探讨其主要制约因素。结果表明,家庭农场与农业企业利益联结机制组织模式主要分为股份式、合同式和买断式三种,其有效性综合得分由大到小依次为股份式、合同式和买断式。从准则层权重来看,治理水平与制度效益权重较大,成长能力权重一般;从评价指标体系的三个维度来看,虽然股份式得分高于合同式和买断式,但三种模式得分普遍较低,仍有很大的提升空间。营业收入增长比例、违约成本、风险资金、带动农户数量、二次收入占比和担保金额是影响合同式和股份式的机制有效性的主要因素。鉴于此,建议有关部门在加强家庭农场与农业企业利益联结机制时应重点推动股份式利益联结模式的发展,提高家庭农场内生成长能力,创新风险分担和利益分配机制,增强合作主体的盈利能力。Constructing a long-term and stable interest linkage mechanism is an inevitable trend in the realization of agricultural industrialization and an important way to increase farmers’income.Taking family farms in Hunan Province as the research object,this paper constructed an evaluation index system for the effectiveness of the benefit linkage mechanism from three dimensions of institutional benefit,governance level,and growth ability to analyze the effectiveness of the linkage mechanism between family farms and agricultural enterprises and compared different results by the entropy TOPSIS model and the obstacle factor diagnosis model.Results show that the organization modes of family farms and agricultural enterprise benefit linkage mechanism are mainly divided into three categories:shareholding,contract,and buyout.The comprehensive effectiveness scores in descending order are shareholding,contract,and buyout.From the perspectives of the weight of the standard level and the governance level,the system benefit weight is relatively large,and the weight of the growth ability is general.From three dimensions of the evaluation index system,although the shareholding type score is higher than those of the contract type and the buyout type,the three model scores are generally low with much room to improve.The growth rate of operating income,default costs,risk capital,the number of involved households,the proportion of secondary income,and the amount of guarantee are the main factors that affect the effectiveness of contractual and shareholding mechanisms.Therefore,this paper suggests that the relevant government departments should focus on promoting the development of the sharebased benefit linkage model when strengthening the benefit linkage mechanism between family farms and agricultural enterprises,improve the ability of family farms to grow,innovate risk sharing and benefit distribution mechanisms,and enhance the profitability of partners.

关 键 词：家庭农场 农业企业 利益联结机制 评价指标体系 熵权TOPSIS模型 障碍因子诊断模型 

分 类 号：F324.1[经济管理—产业经济]