凡纳滨对虾不同品系繁育性状的比较分析  

Comparative analysis of breeding characteristics of different strains of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：樊云鹏 谭建 栾生[2,3] 孟宪红 罗坤[2,3] 隋娟 陈宝龙[2,3] 曹家旺 孔杰[2,3] FAN Yunpeng;TAN Jian;LUAN Sheng;MENG Xianhong;LUO Kun;SUI Juan;CHEN Baolong;CAO Jiawang;KONG Jie(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第9期1141-1151,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31702338);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1706203);国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项子课题项目(2018YFD0901301);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019YY001).

摘　　要：为了评估不同品系凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)雌虾繁殖性能和后代幼体发育情况,在相同养殖条件下,选取野生群体雌虾90尾,P品系雌虾166尾,S品系雌虾115尾,构建了103个家系。其中,野生群体家系56个,P家系28个,S家系19个。本研究共进行30 d,记录了整个生产周期内每尾雌虾的繁殖参数及后代幼体的发育数据。结果显示,与P品系和S品系相比,野生群体雌虾在交配率和孵化率方面具有显著优越性。在雌虾产卵性能方面,P品系雌虾产卵量极显著低于另外两个品系(P<0.01),产卵周期极显著高于另外两种品系(P<0.01)。关于幼体发育,无论是在幼体存活率还是变态时长方面,野生群体都表现出一定的优越性。分析凡纳滨对虾各繁殖性状间相关关系,发现在3个品系中均可以观察到体重与产卵量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),野生群体、P品系和S品系体重与产卵量的相关系数分别为0.364、0.278和0.553。凡纳滨对虾的受精卵孵化率与幼体变态(ZⅠ→P1)发育时长呈显著负相关(P<0.05),相关系数为−0.211,这表明凡纳滨对虾受精卵孵化率越高,其幼体变态发育时长越短。研究表明,凡纳滨对虾雌虾不同品系间的繁育性能具有较大选择潜力,在筛选高繁育性能亲虾品系的过程中可以根据雌虾繁殖力高低及后代幼体发育情况综合进行选择。In the commercial production of Litopenaeus vannamei,the reproductive performance of female shrimp and the development of larval offspring have been used as important indicators to measure the quality of shrimp.In order to evaluate the reproductive performance and larval development of different strains of Litopenaeus vannamei,103 families were constructed by selecting 90 wild female shrimp,166 female shrimp of strain P and 115 female shrimp of strain S under the same culture conditions.There were 56 wild population families,28 P families,and 19 S families.The experiment lasted for 30 days.Reproductive parameters such as mating rate,spawning rate,hatching rate,metamorphosis duration,and survival rate were recorded for each female shrimp.The results showed that compared with the P and S strains,the wild population had significantly more desirable mating and hatching rates.In terms of female spawning performance,the spawning volume of the P strain was significantly lower than that of the other two strains(P<0.01),and the spawning cycle was significantly higher than that of the other two strains(P<0.01).In terms of larval development,the wild population showed certain advantages in terms of larval survival rate and metamorphosis duration.By analyzing the correlation between reproductive traits of Litopenaeus vannamei,it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between body weight and egg number in all three strains(P<0.05).The correlation coefficients between body weight and egg number of the wild population,P,and S strains were 0.364,0.278,and 0.553,respectively.In addition,this study also found that the hatching rate of fertilized eggs of Litopenaeus vannamei was significantly negatively correlated with duration of metamorphosis(ZⅠ→P1)(P<0.05),and the correlation coefficient was–0.211 which indicated that the higher the hatching rate of fertilized eggs,the shorter the metamorphosis development time of the larvae.The results showed that the breeding performance of females of different strai

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 品系 繁殖性状 幼体发育 连续产卵 相关分析 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]