南黄海和东海中南部小黄鱼种群形态分化  

Morphological differentiation of small yellow croaker populations in the south Yellow Sea and the south-central East China Sea

作　　者：薛艳会 刘尊雷[2,3] 李圣法 吴磊[4] 卢占晖 程家骅[2,3] XUE Yanhui;LIU Zunlei;LI Shengfa;WU Lei;LU zhanhui;CHENG Jiahua(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Development and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200090,China;Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Nantong 226007,China;Zhejiang Institute of Marine Fisheries,Zhoushan 316004,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [3]农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [4]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007 [5]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江舟山316004

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2021年第9期1162-1174,共13页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项项目(125C0505)。

摘　　要：为探索不同地理种群的小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)形态分化,本研究以南黄海和东海中南部生殖与非生殖群体为研究对象,采用t检验、主成分分析、差异系数判定等分析方法,对小黄鱼种群31个表型性状进行系统分析。结果表明,南黄海种群和东海中南部种群的表型性状存在广泛的变异,生殖期平均变异系数分别为7.77%和6.48%,非生殖期变异系数为8.65%和7.62%,南黄海种群变异强度高于东海中南部种群,变异系数差异主要为横轴测量性状。生殖期和非生殖期分别有15个和16个性状存在显著差异(P<0.05),7个性状在两个时期存在显著性差异,而且这些性状差异又能在种群内部保持相对稳定。主成分分析结果表明,生殖期4个主成分方差累积贡献率48%,PC2和PC3得分在检测种群差别时达到极显著水平(P<0.01),因子负荷较高的性状主要是头部、背鳍、臀鳍和腹部;非生殖期4个主成分方差累积贡献率46.61%,PC1和PC2得分在检测种群差别时达到极显著水平(P<0.01),因子负荷较高的性状主要是头部、体高、背鳍/腹鳍与臀鳍长度。两个地理种群在头部和躯干部位的性状产生了分化,与南黄海群相比,东海中南部群头部较高,背鳍和臀鳍较长,而头部上缘和腹部较短。这种形态变异可能与洄游生活史策略诱导的表型性状特化有关,研究结果支持迁移行为和复杂生境提高了环境适应性这一结论,有助于更好地了解物种的生态学特征和进化趋势。Small yellow croaker,Larimichthys polyactis is one of the most important fishery resources in China.The phenotypes of different geographical groups are influenced by their migration patterns and may exhibit adaptive changes.To explore the morphological differentiation of small yellow croaker in different geographic populations,the reproductive and non-reproductive populations in the south Yellow Sea and the south-central East China Sea were used as the research objects.The analysis methods t-test,principal component analysis and the difference coefficient were used to systematically analyze 31 phenotypic traits of the small yellow croaker populations.The results indicated that the phenotypic traits of the south Yellow Sea population and the south-central East China Sea population vary widely.The average coefficients of variation during the reproductive period were 7.77%and 6.48%,respectively,and the coefficients of variation during the non-reproductive period were 8.65%and 7.62%,respectively.The variation intensity of the south Yellow Sea population was higher than that of the south-central East China Sea population,and the difference coefficient was primarily measured on the horizontal axis.Significant differences were detected between 15 traits in the reproductive periods and 16 traits in the non-reproductive periods(P<0.05).There were significant differences among 7 traits in both periods,while the differences of these traits remained relatively stable within the population.The results of principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal component variances during the reproductive period was 48%,and the scores of PC2 and PC3 reached extremely significant levels(P<0.01)when detecting population difference,and the traits with higher factor loading were primarily head,dorsal fin,anal fin,and abdomen.The cumulative contribution rate of the four principal component variances in the non-reproductive period was 46.61%,and the scores of PC1 and PC2 reached extremely sig

关 键 词：小黄鱼 生殖群体 形态差异 框架法 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]