国际法上“货币黄金案原则”的再审视:法理演进和实践挑战——兼评“毛里求斯与马尔代夫海洋划界案”  

Reexamining the Monetary Gold Principle in International Law: Jurisprudence Evolution and Practice Challenges ——A Commentary on the Mauritius/Maldives Case

作　　者：徐奇 Xu Qi

机构地区：[1]暨南大学法学院/知识产权学院 [2]暨南大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《国际法研究》2021年第5期55-79,共25页Chinese Review of International Law

基　　金：2020年度中国博士后科学基金第67批面上项目“国际法视阈下美国印太战略对我国海洋命运共同体建设的影响和对策研究”(项目编号:2020M673048);国家社科基金“新时代海洋强国建设”重大研究专项“基于中国立场的海洋争端解决机制实证研究”(批准号:19VHQ008)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着国际社会日益形成命运共同体,国家间双边争端的多边化趋势明显增强,"货币黄金案原则"的法理及其适用反映了这一趋势。是否适用"货币黄金案原则"应考虑的因素有:第三方的法律利益是否构成现有案件争端的主题事项,并且处理该主题事项的管辖权是否获得第三方的同意;处理第三方的权利和利益是否构成决定审理案件当事方争端的前提和先决条件;如果存在关于当事方或第三方的法律决定,那么这些决定是否构成足以排除"货币黄金案原则"适用的"赋予条件"。在"毛里求斯与马尔代夫海洋划界案"中,尽管国际海洋法法庭特别分庭没有适用该原则,但本案理应符合"货币黄金案原则"的适用条件排除特别分庭的管辖权。该原则在目前的国际法研究中依然具有现实价值和意义。With the increasing formation of a community with a shared future in the international community, the trend of multilateralization of bilateral disputes between states is obviously enhanced.The jurisprudence of “the Monetary Gold principle” as well as its application clearly reflects such a trend.The constitutive elements to be considered in the application of the Monetary Gold principle are: Whether the type of dispute is a dispute between States;whether the legal interests of a third party constitute the very subject matter of a ongoing dispute, and whether the jurisdiction to deal with this very subject matter obtains the consent of the third party;whether dealing with the rights and interests of the third party constitutes a prerequisite or basis for deciding to hear the dispute between the parties to the case.If there is a legal finding involving one of the disputing parties or a third party which is defined as a “given”, whether it is enough to exclude the application of the Monetary Gold principle.In the Mauritius/Maldives Case, although the Special Chamber did not apply this principle, the study shows that the case should have met the conditions to apply the Monetary Gold principle to exclude its jurisdiction.As the latest case to discuss the Monetary Gold principle, it shows that the principle still has practical value and significance in the current study of international law.

关 键 词：“货币黄金案原则” 管辖权 可适用性 国家同意 主权争端 “毛里求斯与马尔代夫海洋划界案” 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]