新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间先天性心脏病术后患儿呼吸道感染减少的回顾性队列研究  

Reduced respiratory infections in children with congenital heart disease during the COVID-19 pandemic:a historically controlled retrospective cohort study

作　　者：提运幸[1] 王元祥[1] 黄骏荣 张青[1] 王鹏程 孟保英[1] 丁以群[1] Ti Yunxing;Wang Yuanxiang;Huang Junrong;Zhang Qing;Wang Pengcheng;Meng baoying;Ding Yiqun(Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Shenzhen Children's Hospital,Shenzhen 518038,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院胸心外科,深圳518038

出　　处：《中国体外循环杂志》2021年第5期279-283,共5页Chinese Journal of Extracorporeal Circulation

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20190809171015673);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程项目(SZSM201612003);深圳市医学重点学科建设经费资助(SZXK036)。

摘　　要：目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间先天性心脏病(CHD)患儿术后呼吸道感染情况。方法回顾性分析于本院住院治疗的232例CHD患儿临床资料,以2020年1月1日至4月17日期间住院治疗的患儿作为观察组(n=81),2019年同期住院治疗的患儿为对照组(n=151),对比两组患儿术后院内感染率、院外呼吸道感染率、再入院等指标。结果CHD患儿术后院内感染率为3.02%。观察组下呼吸道感染和血液感染低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组院内感染率及病种分布比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患儿术后院外呼吸道感染率为12.12%。观察组院外呼吸道感染率明显低于对照组,仅1次感染的患儿比例明显低于对照组,两组间感染病种分布、2次及2次以上感染的患儿比例比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与去年同期相比,疫情期间CHD患儿术后院外呼吸道感染率下降,院内感染率无明显差异。Objective To investigate the postoperative respiratory tract infection in children with congenital heart disease(CHD)during the outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods The clinical data of 232 children with CHD hospitalized in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The children hospitalized from January 1 to April 17 in 2020 were included in the observation group(n=81),and the children hospitalized during the same period in 2019 were included in the control group(n=151).The postoperative nosocomial infection rate,respiratory tract infection rate after discharge and readmission were compared be⁃tween the two groups.Results The rate of postoperative nosocomial infection in children with CHD was 3.02%.The rates of lower re⁃spiratory tract infection and blood infection in the observation group were lower than those in the control group with no statistically sig⁃nificant differences(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in nosocomial infection rate and disease distribution between the two groups(P>0.05).The rate of respiratory tract infection after discharge in children was 12.12%.The rate of respiratory tract infec⁃tion after discharge in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group.The proportion of children infected only 1 time in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group.There was no statistically significant difference in the distri⁃bution of infectious diseases and the proportion of children with two or more infections between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with the same period last year,the rate of postoperative respiratory tract infection after discharge in children with CHD de⁃creased during the epidemic period,and there was no significant difference in the rate of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 呼吸道感染 新型冠状病毒肺炎 预防 儿童 院内感染 

分 类 号：R726.5[医药卫生—儿科]