知识产权强国建设下的反不正当竞争法适用完善--基于行政规章和司法解释征求意见稿的展开  

The Full Application of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law under the Strategy of Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights:Based on the Administrative Regulation and a Draft of Judicial Interpretation

作　　者：孔祥俊[1] Kong Xiangjun

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学

出　　处：《知识产权》2021年第10期82-101,共20页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目《反不正当竞争法立法问题研究》(17BFX010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：司法解释和行政规章是反不正当竞争法律体系的重要内容,其制定应当反映中央深化改革部署和知识产权强国建设纲要的新要求。《反不正当竞争法》第2条具有总则条款与一般条款的双重性,司法解释可以据此确定其与列举性规定的关系,并对一般条款的具体适用进行正面的着重解释。商业道德是竞争行为正当性判断中高频适用的特色性根本标准。反不正当竞争法已将“公认的商业道德”修改为“商业道德”,使其包括公认的与创制的商业道德,司法解释可以对其内涵和判断标准作出规定。反不正当竞争法与知识产权专门法的适用关系出现新动态,司法解释可以进行适当的界定。司法解释和行政规章对于仿冒混淆、误导性宣传、商业诋毁和网络不正当竞争行为的解释和规定应当抓住行为的本质和法律规范的要点,澄清法律含义和适当填补法律漏洞。行政规章应当在上位法约束之下,适当发挥规范竞争行为的能动性,防止行为规范设计的不精准,警惕禁止和干预过度。The Judicial Interpretations and Administrative Regulations play very important role in the legal system of the anti-Unfair competition,and should reflect the new requirements of the strategy of building a powerful country with intellectual property rights.Article 2 of Anti-Unfair Competition Law has the dual nature of the guiding principles and the general provisions.The relationship of general provisions and the enumeration provisions could be included in the judicial interpretation,and the application of the general provisions should be emphatically explained.Business ethics is a characteristic and fundamental standard that is frequently applied in judging the legitimacy of concerned competitive behavior.The Anti-Unfair Competition Law has changed"recognized business ethics"to"business ethics".In this way,both recognized and created business ethics are included under this term,and the definition and the judgment standards could therefore be established in the judicial interpretation.New issues on whether to apply the Anti-Unfair Competition Law or specific intellectual property law have emerged,which could be appropriately defined in the judicial interpretation.It should focus on the nature of the concerned behavior and the main points of legal norms in the judicial interpretations and administrative regulations when interpreting and stipulating the activities such as counterfeiting and confusion,misleading advertising,business discrediting,and online unfair competition,and clarify the meaning and appropriately fill in the loopholes of the law.Administrative regulations should be governed by higher-hierarchy laws,regulate the competitive behavior activity appropriately,and setup the regulations accurately while being alert to excessive prohibition and intervention.

关 键 词：反不正当竞争 总则规定 一般条款 商业道德 补充保护 市场混淆行为 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] D923.4[政治法律—法学]