基于土地利用格局变化的胶东半岛生境质量时空演变特征研究  

Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Habitat Quality in Jiaodong Peninsula based on Changes of Land Use Pattern

作　　者：王超 常勇[1] 侯西勇 刘玉斌[2,3] WANG Chao;CHANG Yong;HOU Xiyong;LIU Yubin(Shandong Normal University,College of Geography and environment,Jinan 250358,China;Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学地理与环境学院,济南250358 [2]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,烟台264003 [3]中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,烟台264003

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2021年第10期1809-1822,共14页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA19060205)。

摘　　要：生境质量受人类活动引起的土地利用变化影响日益严重,因此,对于生境质量的监测与评估具有重要意义。基于2000、2005、2010、2015和2020年土地利用数据,利用GIS空间分析技术和InVEST-Habitat Quality模型,对胶东半岛土地利用和生境质量时空特征进行定量化描述,甄别生境质量变化的热点区域,探究胶东半岛土地利用格局变化对生境质量的影响。结果表明:①耕地一直是胶东半岛的主要土地利用类型,该地区整体土地转移的速率呈缓慢上升趋势,建设用地的转入和耕地的转出尤为突出;②胶东半岛5个年份的生境质量平均值分别为0.565、0.560、0.552、0.548、0.545,总体上呈下降趋势;不同等级区域的面积占比大小依次为:中等、高、低、较高、较低;中等生境质量区域面积减少最多,而低等生境质量区域面积增加最多,内陆区域生境质量高值区面积小且分散,而生境质量低值区分布相对集中且呈块状、片状;生境质量指数变化速率在减缓;不同区域中,生境质量对于土地利用变化的响应不同,建设用地增加是胶东半岛地区生境质量整体下降的主要原因,而滨海湿地增加提高了局部区域的生境质量。本研究将为胶东半岛地区土地的规划管理和生态环境保护提供相关科学参考。With the development of economy and society,human activities are more and more intensive.Habitat quality is increasingly threatened by conversion of land use caused by human activities.Therefore,it is of great significance to monitor and evaluate habitat quality.There's a long history of development in the Jiaodong Peninsula area,and the intensity of production activities is high,which seriously threatens the habitat quality in this region.Based on the land use data of 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020,by using GIS spatial analysis technology and InVEST-Habitat Quality model,this paper quantitatively describes the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use and habitat quality in Jiaodong peninsula and detects hotspots of habitat quality changes as well as the impact of land use changes on habitat quality changes.The results show that:(1)Farmland is the main land use type in Jiaodong peninsula over time.The overall changes of land use in the past 20 years are that:the area of farmland,forest land,grassland,and coastal wetlands has decreased,and the area of construction land,inland water bodies,and unused land has increased.The increase of construction land and the decrease of farmland are particularly prominent.The rate of the overall land use conversion in this area presents a slow increasing trend;(2)The average value of habitat quality is 0.565,0.560,0.552,0.548,and 0.545 in 2000,2005,2010,2015,and 2020,respectively,showing an overall downward trend.The area proportions of different levels are sorted as medium,high,low,high,low.The area of the medium level has the most significant reduction,while the area of the low level has increased the most significantly.Inland areas with high habitat quality value are sparsely distributed while areas with low habitat quality are spatially aggregated and distributed as continuous blocky areas.The overall rate of habitat quality index is falling slowly;(3)The response of habitat quality to land use change varies spatially.The increase of construction land is the main reason for

关 键 词：生境质量 土地利用 InVEST模型 转移矩阵 土地变化速率 时空变化 热点区域 胶东半岛 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]