农民工回流创业区位研究——以河南省14个村为例  

Entrepreneurial location of returned migrant workers:A case study of 14 villages in Henan province

作　　者：高更和 段小薇 计会凤 朱纪广 GAO Genghe;DUAN Xiaowei;JI Huifeng;ZHU Jiguang(School of Resources and Environment,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Academician Laboratory for Urban and Rural Spatial Data Minin of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Urban-Rural Coordinated Development of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学资源与环境学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省城乡空间数据挖掘院士工作站,郑州450046 [3]城乡协调发展河南省协同创新中心,郑州450046

出　　处：《地理研究》2021年第10期2871-2884,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771190,41901153,41771141)

摘　　要：农民工回流创业正在成为乡村振兴的重要力量,而创业区位选择反映了创业者的空间决策能力,并对创业绩效产生影响。基于河南省14个村田野入户调查数据,采用统计分析和多值logistic分析方法,对农民工回流创业区位特征和影响因素进行了研究。研究发现:①回流农民工创业区位具有以村庄为中心的近距离分布特征,绝大多数创业者分布于以村庄为中心50 km范围内,约一半的回流者在家门口创业,在时间距离上,主要集中于0.5 h工作圈和1 h工作圈内。②创业区位主要选择于本村和县城,其次为镇及附近的中心城市。③创业企业除了少数较大规模外,大多为小微企业和个体经营,创业企业产值与距离正相关。除村庄区位农业项目较多外,其余各类创业区位之间行业差别并不明显。④创业区位选择是以取得经济利润为前提,综合考虑个人因素、务工因素、社区因素和创业因素的结果。其中,学历、村回流比、第二产业创业项目类型对于选择非村落区位具有正向影响,而工龄、务工地数、无务工技能、村庄为平原和丘陵、第一产业创业项目类型则具有负向影响。The entrepreneurship of returned migrant workers is becoming an important force for rural revitalization.The choice of entrepreneurial location reflects the entrepreneurial spatial decision-making ability,which has an effect on entrepreneurial performance.The statistical and multinomial logistic analysis methods were used to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of returned migrant workers'entrepreneurship in terms of data from 14 villages of Henan province.The results show that:(1)the entrepreneurial location of returned migrant workers presents a village-centered and close-range distribution.Most entrepreneurs are situated within a distance of 50 km of the village-centered area.About half of returned migrant workers set up their business at the doorstep,mainly concentrated in 0.5 h to 1 h working circle.The entrepreneurial location is mainly selected in village or county,followed by town or nearby city.Entrepreneurial activity space of returned migrant workers has the law of distance attenuation.The mode of transportation and time determine the spatial scope of entrepreneurial activity to a certain extent.The study verifies the applicability of the activity space theory in the choice of entrepreneurial location of floating population in behavioral geography and traditional geography of the law of distance decay,and reveals the spatial law of return migrant workers'entrepreneurial behavior.(2)In addition to a small number of large-scale startups,most of them are micro enterprises and individual business.The output value of entrepreneurial enterprises is positively associated with the distance.Except for more agricultural projects in village locations,the industry differences among other types of entrepreneurial locations are not clear.(3)The choice of entrepreneurial location is based on the premise of obtaining economic profits,taking into account personal factors,employment factors,community factors and entrepreneurial factors.Among them,the academic qualifications,the village return ratio,and ty

关 键 词：农民工 回流 创业区位 河南 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F279.27