低压涡轮轴-轴盘调姿装配系统设计与研究  

Design and Research of Low Pressure Turbine Shaft-Shaft Disc Attitude Adjustment Assembly System

作　　者：刘小臣 何卫东[1] 张迎辉[1] 姚世选[1] 崔泽 LIU Xiaochen;HE Weidong;ZHANG Yinghui;YAO Shixuan;CUI Ze(School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian Liaoning 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《机床与液压》2021年第20期12-17,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：2017年度国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1300700)。

摘　　要：针对航空发动机涡轮轴-轴盘对接装配过程中因人工操作引起的对接点位置精度低、装配稳定性差以及效率低等问题,设计一套集测量、调姿、装配于一体的闭环控制系统。利用高精度测量探头对涡轮轴与轴盘内外表面位置进行测量。通过空间几何和坐标转换原理对涡轮轴和轴盘的姿态分别进行调整,保证涡轮轴面和轴盘轴面处于同一平面、涡轮轴轴心和轴盘轴心共线。针对测量过程中存在的误差,将装配过程中运动轴伺服参数实时反馈至PC端,利用PC端与控制器全闭环实现装配过程位置的检测和调整;调姿装配结束后,利用高精度传感器测量涡轮轴与轴盘对接处缝隙值并与目标值对比,以保证装配精度。通过试验对测量、调姿、装配过程进行验证,得到装配缝隙值小于2 mm。试验结果表明:涡轮轴与轴盘表面位置测量准确度高,对接装配过程稳定性强,测量装配精度满足实际要求,该系统具有一定应用价值。Aiming at the problems of low positioning accuracy,poor assembly stability and low efficiency caused by manual operation during the assembly process of aero-engine turbine shaft and shaft disk docking,a set of closed-loop CNC system integrating measurement,attitude adjustment and assembly was designed.The high-precision measuring probes was used to measure the position of the inner and outer surfaces of the turbine shaft and the shaft disk.Through the principle of space geometry and coordinate transformation,the attitudes of the turbine shaft and the shaft disk were adjusted respectively to ensure that the shaft disk of the turbine shaft and the shaft disk of the shaft disk were in the same plane,and the shaft center of the turboshaft and the shaft center of the shaft disk were collinear.Aiming at the errors existing in the measurement process,the servo parameters of the motion axis in the assembly process were fed back to the PC terminal in real time,and the PC terminal and the controller were fully closed loop to realize the position detection and adjustment in the assembly process;after the docking assembly was completed,the high-precision sensor was used to measure the docking point of the turbine shaft and the shaft disk,and the value was compared with the target value to ensure assembly accuracy.The measurement,attitude adjustment and assembly process were verified through experiments,and the assembly gap value was less than 2 mm.The test results show that the measurement accuracy of the surface position of the turbine shaft and the shaft disk is high,the stability of the butt assembly process is strong,and the measurement assembly accuracy meets the actual requirements.The system has certain application value.

关 键 词：涡轮轴 轴盘 数控系统 调姿装配系统 闭环控制 

分 类 号：TP274[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]