柴油喷雾内部动量分布特性测试技术及分析  

Measurement and analysis of momentum distribution characteristics in diesel spray

作　　者：杨晰宇 董全[1] 宋景冬 卢昌浩 倪佐 YANG Xiyu;DONG Quan;SONG Jingdong;LU Changhao;NI Zuo(College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2021年第10期1458-1464,共7页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51406040).

摘　　要：为探究柴油机燃油喷雾内部动量分布的演化形式及结构特征,本文提出一种喷雾局部动量测试方法。根据动量定理,采用力传感器并设计了喷雾内部动量筛选装置,对一只单孔喷油器进行测试研究。结果表明:伞型燃油过滤装置可以摆脱传感器固有体积的约束,实现喷雾内部局部动量的高空间分辨率测试,采用圆台型测试挡板可以缩短喷雾近场区域的测试盲区,提高量程。在喷雾核心区,随着测试距离y的增加,喷雾动量呈现非线性的减小趋势,喷油压力越大动量的衰减速度越快;在核心区域以外动量随着y的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势,拐点出现位置随着喷射压力的提高向喷孔处靠近。因此增加喷油压力可以有效促进喷雾近场区域的燃油雾化速度,提高喷雾的总体雾化程度。To explore the evolution form and structure characteristics of momentum distribution in diesel fuel spray,this work proposes a local momentum measurement method.According to the momentum theorem,a force sensor is used,and a momentum screening device is designed to study a single-hole fuel injector.Results show that the umbrella-type fuel filter can eliminate the constraint of the inherent volume of the sensor and test the high spatial resolution of the local momentum inside the spray.Moreover,the circular baffle can shorten the test blind area in the near field of the spray and improve the measurement range.In the spray core area,the spray momentum presents a nonlinear decreasing trend with the increase of test distance y.The higher the fuel injection pressure is,the faster the momentum decay rate will be.The momentum outside the core region increases first and then decreases with the increase of y,and the position of the inflection point appears to approach the jet hole with the increase of injection pressure.Therefore,increasing the fuel injection pressure can effectively promote the fuel atomization speed in the near field area and improve the overall atomization degree of sprays.

关 键 词：柴油机 传感器 喷油器 燃油喷雾 动量分布 冲击力 喷油压力 喷雾演化 

分 类 号：TK432[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]