中医“十剂”理论源流探析  

Analysis of the origin and development of the ‘ten prescriptions’ theory of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：王畅[1] 杨进[2] WANG Chang;YANG Jin(Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学,南京210023 [2]南京中医药大学杨进工作室,210023

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2021年第9期5619-5621,共3页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：第六批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目(No.国中医药人教发[2017]29号)。

摘　　要：中医学中"十剂"的概念,是指宣、通、补、泻、轻、重、滑、涩、燥、湿十类。纵观历史,"十剂"理论的发展大致可分为3个阶段。唐宋时期,《本草拾遗》《圣济经》提出了按功效归类药物和方剂的构想,"十剂"理论的后世发展奠定了基础。金元时期,"十剂"理论得到充实发展,成无己用其来阐释方剂功用;刘完素将前人理论进行系统总结,明确了"十剂"的内涵;张从正用"十剂"理论为攻邪法提供依据。明清时期,"十剂"理论日趋完善,李时珍在总结前人论述的基础上,全面深化"十剂"理论,沈金鳌将"十剂"分类理论付诸实践。明清诸多本草著作用"十剂"理论阐发药物作用。The concept of ‘ten prescriptions’ in traditional Chinese medicine refers to ten categories: Xuan, Tong, Bu,Xie, Qing, Zhong, Hua, Se, Zao and Shi. Throughout history, the development of the ‘ten prescriptions’ theory can be roughly divided into three stages. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the concept of classifying medicines and prescriptions according to their efficacy was put forward in Bencao Shiyi and Shengji Jing, which laid a foundation for the later development of the theory of ‘ten prescriptions’. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the theory of ‘ten prescriptions’ was developed substantially, and it has been used to explain the function of prescriptions. LIU Wan-su summarized the previous theories systematically and clarified the connotation of ‘ten prescriptions’;ZHANG Cong-zheng used the theory of ‘ten prescriptions’ to provide the basis for attacking evil laws. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the theory of ‘ten prescriptions’ was improving day by day. LI Shi-zhen summarized the theory of ‘ten prescriptions’ on the basis of summarizing the predecessors’ discussion, and SHEN Jin-ao put the ‘ten prescriptions’ classification theory into practice. Many herbals work in Ming and Qing Dynasties expounded the effect of medicines with the theory of ‘ten prescriptions.

关 键 词：中医 十剂 发展史 分类 源流 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]