酚醛树脂及含硼酚醛树脂热裂解和碳化研究进展  

Research Progress of Pyrolysis and Carbonization of Phenolic Resin and Boron-containing Phenolic Resin

作　　者：王亚楠 李兆 曹静 吴坤尧 WANG Ya-nan;LI Zhao;CAO Jing;WU Kun-yao(School of Materials Engineering,Xi’an Aeronautical University,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]西安航空学院材料工程学院,西安710077

出　　处：《当代化工》2021年第9期2235-2241,共7页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：西安航空学院校级基金(项目编号:2019KY1222);西安市科技计划项目(项目编号:GXYD9.2)。

摘　　要：酚醛树脂(PR)作为一种广泛使用的热防护材料,其热裂解机理及其裂解产物一直以来备受关注。从不同角度介绍了PR热裂解机理的研究进展和发展方向。PR裂解产物具有较丰富的空隙结构,可以作为一种良好的碳前驱体,通过活化、模板等方法制备的多孔碳材料可以广泛应用于吸附及催化剂载体。在众多提高PR热稳定性的改性方法中,含硼化合物改性PR可以使得树脂的耐热性得到明显的提高,这主要是由于硼酸酯结构的形成可以有效抑制PR中的酚羟基和亚甲基。深入了解PR裂解及碳化过程对提高其耐热性具有一定的指导意义。Phenolic resin(PR) is a widely used thermal protection material, and its thermal cracking mechanism and its cracked products have always been paid attention to. In this paper, the research progress and development direction of the thermal cracking mechanism of PR were introduced from different perspectives. Since the PR cracked product has a good void structure and can be used as a good carbon precursor, porous carbon materials prepared by activation and template methods can be widely used in adsorption and catalyst supports. Among the many modification methods to improve the thermal stability of PR, the boron-containing compound modified PR can significantly improve the heat resistance of the resin. This is mainly due to the formation of the borate structure that can effectively inhibit the phenolic hydroxyl and methylene in the PR. In-depth understanding of the PR cracking and carbonization process has certain guiding significance for improving heat resistance.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 热裂解 硼改性 碳材料 

分 类 号：O632.7[理学—高分子化学]