八角叶片中油细胞的形态、分布与季节变化  

Morphology,Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Oil Cells in Illicium verum Leaves

作　　者：黄开顺[1] 曾祥艳[1] 梁文汇[1] 李开祥[1] 廖健明[1] 王坤[1] Huang Kaishun;Zeng Xiangyan;Liang Wenhui;Li Kaixiang;Liao Jianming;Wang Kun(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Engineering and Technology Research Center of Anise&Cinnamon of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Guangxi Woody Spices Engineering and Technology Research Center,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation&Utilization,Nanning,Guangxi 530002,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院国家林业和草原局八角肉桂工程技术研究中心广西木本香料工程技术研究中心广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《广西林业科学》2021年第5期544-550,共7页Guangxi Forestry Science

基　　金：广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB1850014);广西林业科技项目(桂林科研[2015]41号);广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室自主课题(19-A-01-04)。

摘　　要：为研究八角(Illicium verum)油细胞发育规律及开发与利用茴香油资源,以八角常见品种类群红花八角的鲜叶为材料,采用石蜡切片和显微观察的方法,研究八角叶片中油细胞的形态、分布和季节变化,及其与营养元素含量的相关性。结果表明,从叶片横切面看,八角叶的栅栏组织、海绵组织和叶脉组织中均有油细胞分布,栅栏组织中分布最多、个体较大,分布位置多靠近上表皮细胞;油细胞形状不规则、大小不一,栅栏组织中的油细胞呈柱形、棒形或近椭圆形,海绵组织中的油细胞呈近圆形、半圆形或扇形,叶脉组织中的油细胞呈近椭圆形;叶肉中发育成熟的油细胞充分液泡化,呈贮油囊状,叶脉组织中的油细胞液泡化不充分;油细胞的大小和密度随季节发生变化,栅栏组织中油细胞季节波动幅度较大,大小和密度的平均值分别为3271.39μm^(2)和16.29个/mm^(2),海绵组织中油细胞季节波动幅度较小,大小和密度的平均值分别为1803.88μm^(2)和6.47个/mm^(2);单株间叶片油细胞大小和密度差异显著;海绵组织中油细胞大小与全硼含量呈显著正相关,栅栏组织中油细胞密度与全氮含量呈显著负相关。冬季时油细胞大小和密度均处于较高状态,在此季节制取茴香油较佳。In order to study law of oil cell development in Illicium verum and exploit and utilize anise oil re⁃sources,taking fresh leaves of I.verum with red flower as materials,morphology,distribution and seasonal varia⁃tion were studied by paraffin section and microscopic observation,correlations among which and nutrient con⁃tents were studied.Results showed that oil cells were found in palisade tissue,spongy tissue and vein tissue in I.verum leaves,which were observed from the view of transverse section.Among them,oil cells mostly distribut⁃ed in palisade tissue with larger individual,and location of distribution was close to upper epidermis cells.Oil cells were irregular in shape and different in size.Oil cells were cylindrical,rod-like or nearly ellipse in pali⁃sade tissue,subcircular,semicircular or flabelliform in spongy tissue,and nearly ellipse in vein tissue.Mature oil cells in mesophyll were fully vacuolated into oil storage sac shape.Vacuolization of oil cells in vein tissue was inadequate.Size and density of oil cells changed with seasons.Seasonal fluctuation of oil cells in palisade tissue was larger,and means of size and density were 3271.39μm^(2) and 16.29 individual/mm^(2),respectively.Sea⁃sonal fluctuation of oil cells in spongy tissue was smaller,and means of size and density were 1803.88μm^(2) and 6.47 individual/mm^(2),respectively.There were significant differences in size and density of oil cells in leaves from different plants.There was significant positive correlation between oil cells size and total boron content in spongy tissue.There was significant negative correlation between oil cells density and total nitrogen content in palisade tissue.Size and density of oil cells in winter were higher,so winter was optimal to obtain anise oil.

关 键 词：油细胞 石蜡切片 八角鲜叶 营养元素 相关性 

分 类 号：S718.3[农业科学—林学]